••• Chapter 46^ Epithelial and Nonepithelial Ovarian Tumors^461
❍ What neoplasm closely resembles a similar carcinoma of the adult testes?
Embryonal carcinoma.
❍ What do the tumors of embryonal carcinomas contain?
hCG, syncytiotrophoblast-like cells, and AFP in large primitive cells.
❍ Name a rare germ cell neoplasm composed of numerous embryoid bodies resembling morphologically
normal embryos.
Polyembryonal tumors.
❍ Name the three ways choriocarcinomas can arise.
(1) As a primary gestational choriocarcinoma associated with ovarian pregnancy.
(2) As a metastatic choriocarcinoma from a primary gestational choriocarcinoma arising in other parts of the
genital tract.
(3) As a germ cell tumor differentiating in a direction of trophoblastic structures and arising with other neoplastic
germ cell elements.
❍ What do choriocarcinomas secrete?
hCG.
❍ What percentage of choriocarcinomas arise in prepubescent children?
50%.
❍ What is the most common component of a mixed germ cell tumor?
Dysgerminoma.
❍ What is the most frequent complication of mature cystic teratomas and when does it most often occur?
Torsion, most frequently occurring in pregnancy and the puerperium.
❍ In an immature teratoma, which elements correlate with survival and are the basis for the grading of these
tumors?
Neuroepithelium.
❍ What is the most common tumor that secretes estrogen?
Adult granulosa cell tumors
❍ Describe the histologic appearance of granulosa cell tumors.
Fibrothecomatous components with scant cytoplasm and coffee bean grooved cells. Mature follicles and Call-Exner
bodies are also common.
❍ What other malignancy is commonly associated with granulosa cell tumors of the ovary?
Endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus.