The Structure of Evolutionary Theory

(Michael S) #1

Punctuated Equilibrium and the Validation of Macroevolutionary Theory 1011


by neontologists, and serving as a basis for enlarged discussion, we clearly explained
the differences in scaling between micro- and macroevolutionary rates.



  1. As acknowledged on pages 1002-1004,1 did use some prose flourishes that,
    in a context of considerable suspicion and growing jealousy, probably fanned the
    flames of confusion. Although I never stated anything unclearly, and committed no
    logical errors that could legitimately have inspired a resulting misreading, I should
    have toned down my style in a few crucial places.

  2. We may have sown some confusion by using partially overlapping
    terminology for a specific theory (punctuated equilibrium), and for the larger
    generality (punctuational styles of change) in which that theory lies embedded. But
    this taxonomic usage does stress a legitimate commonality that we wished to
    emphasize. We also chose and used our terms with explicit consistency and clear
    definitions—so careful reading should have precluded any misunderstanding.
    The testing and development of punctuated equilibrium—a well defined and
    circumscribed theory about the origin and deployment of speciation events in
    geological time—has always been our major concern. But as students of evolution,
    we have also been interested in the range of applicability for the geometric
    generalization represented by this theory—the unfolding of change as occasional
    punctuation within prevailing stasis, rather than as gradualistic continuity—to other
    scales of space and time, and for other causes and phenomena of life's history. We
    have called this more general and abstract style of change "punctuational," and have
    referred to the hypothesis favoring its generality as "punctuationalism."
    We have always been careful and clear about the differences between our
    specific theory of punctuated equilibrium and the general proposition of
    punctuational change. (In fact, we strove to be explicit, even didactic, about this
    distinction because we recognized the confusion that might arise otherwise.) But
    perhaps the words are too close to expect general understanding of the distinction,
    particularly from hostile critics who have invested their emotional ire in the legend
    that we have been pursuing an imperialistic, grandstanding quest to enshrine
    punctuated equilibrium as a new paradigm for all the evolutionary sciences.
    Still, as a statement of a basic intellectual principle, why should we allow
    ourselves to be forced into suboptimal decisions by the least thoughtful and most
    emotionally driven forms of misunderstanding among critics? Punctuationalism is the
    right and best word for the general style of change expressed by punctuated
    equilibrium as a specific example at a circumscribed level and phenomenology. As
    long as we take special care to be clear and explicit about the distinction, why should
    we sacrifice this most appropriate form of naming? I believe that we have been
    scrupulous in characterizing and highlighting this point, right from our first
    introduction in 1977, when we began a section entitled "Towards a general
    philosophy of change" with these words: "Punctuated equilibria is a model for
    discontinuous tempos of change at one biological level only: the process of speciation
    and the deployment of species in

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