225Motor evoked potentials (MEP), 56
MR angiography, 92
MRI technologies, 80
MR venogram, 104
MR venography, 92
Multimodality management, 89, 99
Muscle dissection, 66, 68
N
Nasal/nasopharyngeal mucosa postoperative morbidity, 138
Nasopharynx, 76, 77
Nerve sheath tumor, 145
Neural foramina, 4
Neurological complications, 50
Neuromonitoring and mapping, 205
Neuronavigation assistance, 97
O
Occipital artery, 66
Occipital bone, 3–5, 20
Occipital condyle lesion, 181
Occipital condyle syndrome, 180
Occipital transtentorial approach, 13
Occipito-transcondylar, 70, 73
Orbitozygomatic approach, 208
Otological structures, 12, 13
Otorhinolaryngologist, 97
P
Paracondylar, 65, 71–73
Paramedian approach, 187
Parasellar region, 89
Petroclival (PC) meningiomas, 82, 96, 103
cerebral revascularization, 92
classification, 89
clinical presentation, 90
clival, 89
cranial nerves, 89
decision-making process, 93
deficit-free survival, 89
description, 89
intraoperative electrophysiological
neuromonitoring, 93
management, 89
microneurosurgical skull base techniques, 89
natural history, 90
preoperative hearing status, 92
radiological imaging, 90–92
safe anesthetic techniques, 93
SRS, 89
surgical approaches, 94–96
synchondrosis, 89
transpetrosal approaches (see Transpetrosal
approaches)
treatment outcomes in multimodality management,
99–101
treatment strategies, 93–94
Petroclival region, 12
Petroclival synchondrosis, 80
Petro-occipital suture, 103
Petrosal approach
and combined, 56
craniotomy, 57, 58
patient positioning, 56
skin incision, 57, 58
Petrosal nerve, 42
Petrous, 103, 104
apex, 81, 116
bone, 151, 152
face meningiomas, 112
Pharmacological cardiac arrest, 206
PICA, see Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
Pneumatization of skull base, 90
Porus acusticus, 149, 152, 156, 159
Posterior cerebral artery (PCA), 198, 199
Posterior circulation, 200
AICAs, 198
aneurysms (see Aneurysms)
PCAs, 198
PCoA, 198
PICA, 196
SCAs, 198
VA, 196
Posterior communicating arteries (PCoA), 198
Posterior fossa, 3, 4, 6, 14, 15, 75
AICA, 11
anterior, 22
anterolateral, 22
arteries, 9
brainstem, 6
cavernous sinus, 11
cerebral peduncles, 6
clivus, 12, 13
complications, 189
craniotomy, 185
CSF, 189
EEA (see Endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA))
enclosure
neural foramina, 4
skull base, 3, 4
surgery obstacles, 6
tentorium, 4
venous sinuses, 4, 6
iMRI, 186
internal auditory meatus, 12, 13
jugular foramen, 13
lateral, 22
medulla oblongata, 7
metastatic lesions, 191
midline vermis, 185
occipital transtentorial, 13
patient positioning, 185, 187
petroclival region, 12
PICA, 11
pons, 7
posterolateral, 15
presigmoid (see Presigmoid)Index