95(b) for GISS, 0.1002 °C is first added to each value of ΔT; 0.1002 °C is the differ-
ence between the mean value of GISS ΔT during 1961–1990 relative to 1951–
- After this initial addition, the GISS data represent ΔT relative to
1961–1990. A second addition of 0.3134 °C then occurs, to place the data on
the 1850–1900 baseline;
c) for NCEI, 0.1202 °C is first subtracted from each value of ΔT; 0.1202 °C is the
difference between the mean value of NCEI ΔT during 1961–1990 relative to
1901–2000. After this initial addition, the NCEI data represent ΔT relative to
1961–1990. A second addition of 0.3134 °C then occurs, to place the data on the
1850–1900 baseline.
The GCM lines in the figure are based on analysis of all of the ri1p1 files pres-
ent on the CMIP5 archive as of early summer 2016. The 42 GCMs considered are
given in Table 2.2. According to the CMIP5 nomenclature, “r” refers to realization,
“i” refers to initialization method, and “p” refers to physics version, and “” is nota-
tion for any integer. The integer that appears after the “r” in the GCM output file
name is used to distinguish members of an ensemble, or realization, generated by
initializing a set of GCM runs with different but equally realistic initial conditions;
the “i” in the file name refers to a different method of initializing the GCM simula-
tion; and, the “p” denotes perturbed GCM model physics. The string i1p1 appears
in the vast majority of the archived files.
Table 2.2 Names of the 42
CMIP5 GCMs used in Fig.
2.3
- ACCESS1.0 22. GFDL-ESM2M
- ACCESS3.0 23. GISS-E2-H
- BCC-CSM1.1 24. GISS-E2-H-CC
- BCC-CSM1.1(m) 25. GISS-E2-R
- BNU-CSM 26. GISS-E2-R-CC
- CCSM4 27. HadCM3
- CESM1(BGC) 28. HadGEM2-CC
- CESM1(CAM5) 29. HadGEM2-ES
- CMCC-CESM 30. INM-CM4
- CMCC-CM 31. IPSL-CM5A-LR
- CMCC-CMS 32. IPSL-CM5A-MR
- CNRM-CM5 33. IPSL-CM5B-LR
- CSIRO-Mk3.6.0 34. MIROC-ESM
- CanCM4 35. MIROC-ESM-CHEM
- CanESM2 36. MIROC4h
- EC-EARTH 37. MIROC5
- FGOALS-g2 38. MPI-EMS-LR
- FIO-ESM 39. MPI-ESM-MR
- GFDL-CM2.1 40. MRI-CGCM3
- GFDL-CM3 41. NorESM1-M
- GFDL-ESM2G 42. NorESM1-ME
2.6 Methods