Paris Climate Agreement Beacon of Hope

185

M
Mauna Loa Observatory, 17, 18, 21, 40, 41
Medieval Warm Period, 6, 7, 12
Methane, 2, 5–8, 10, 12–14, 19, 24–28, 30, 34,
35, 38, 39, 41, 53, 54, 56, 62, 88,
93, 94, 116, 119, 121, 123–125,
128–133, 138–141, 143, 147, 149,
156, 163, 169–173, 177
sinks, 24–26, 41
sources, 5, 24–27, 41
Milankovitch cycles, 4, 8, 14
Minor GHGs, 5, 13, 14, 34
chlorofluorocarbons, 11, 28, 29, 31, 39,
121
hydrochlorofluorocarbons, 29, 31, 39
hydrofluorocarbons, 11, 30–33, 39, 116,
118, 119, 121
nitrogen trifluoride, 119, 121
perfluorocarbons, 11, 30–33, 39, 116, 119,
121
sulfur hexafluoride, 11, 30–33, 39, 116,
119, 121
Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer, 158, 177
Montreal Protocol, 10, 29–31, 118, 121

N
National Centers for Environmental
Information, 52, 55, 79–81, 83–85,
94, 95
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, 156
National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration, 18, 36–38, 40, 41,
52, 66, 67, 94, 98
Natural gas, 16, 19, 26, 121, 147, 150–154,
163, 170, 171, 173, 175, 176
fracking, 26, 171, 172
Night lights, 149, 156–161, 176, 177
Nitrous oxide, 6–8, 10, 13, 14, 27–30, 34, 35,
38, 39, 41, 53, 54, 56, 62, 93, 94,
116, 119, 121, 123–125, 128–133,
138–141, 143, 156, 173, 177
sinks, 27
sources, 27, 28
Nuclear energy, 151, 152, 155, 173

O
Obama-Xi announcement, 118, 119
Ocean heat, 7, 15, 165, 167
content, 56, 59–61, 67–72, 74–80, 86, 87,
89–91, 93, 102–104
export, 57, 58, 67, 71, 74, 75, 103

uptake efficiency, 58, 59, 68–71, 74, 75,

93, 102

Ozone

stratospheric, 12, 16, 28, 29, 38

tropospheric, 10, 11, 29, 30, 38, 39

Ozone depleting substances, 10, 11, 16, 29,

39, 54, 62, 121

Ozone layer, 2

P

Pacific Decadal Oscillation, 57, 58, 60–62, 64,

67, 102, 106

Paris Climate Agreement, 13, 14, 51, 52, 56,

70, 72, 73, 77, 85–87, 89–93, 115,

118–121, 125, 129, 131, 132, 137,

149, 150, 154–156, 158, 160, 162,

165, 167–169, 172–174

Per-capita, 120, 122, 123, 125–129, 132, 133,

135, 137, 139, 142

Petroleum, 147, 148, 153, 174

Photosynthesis, 2, 28

Great Oxygenation Event, 2

Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving

Environmental Assessment Agency

of the Netherlands, 132–137

Plants, 4, 5, 18, 21, 22, 121

trees, 18, 22, 121

Plate tectonics, 4

Population

density, 156, 158, 161, 177

growth, 121–123, 125, 126, 131–135,

137–139, 142, 143, 150, 154, 174

Pre-industrial, 2, 51, 55, 60, 62, 70, 74, 77, 86,

87, 89, 91–94, 104, 118, 119, 148,

163, 168, 170, 173

Prokaryotes, 1

R

Radiation, 8

infrared radiation, 8, 30

ultraviolet radiation, 30

Radiative forcing, 3, 5, 7–12, 14, 15, 24, 27,

29–35, 38, 39, 41, 42, 52–54,

56–59, 62–64, 66, 67, 69–75,

78–81, 83, 85–89, 93, 94, 102–105

Renewable energy, 129, 140, 149, 151–156,

159, 162, 173, 174, 176

Representative Concentration Pathway, 9, 34,

35, 37, 38, 41, 52–55, 59, 62–64,

71, 73, 78–80, 86–94, 96–103, 105,

107, 119–121, 123–125, 132–135,

137, 138, 149–155, 163–167, 169,

170, 172–178

Index

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