Alien Introgression in Wheat Cytogenetics, Molecular Biology, and Genomics

42

Table 2.8 The allopolyploid species of the wheat group

Ploidy level Genus Species a Genome b

Genome size c

(Mean ± SD of

1C DNA in pg)

Expected

genomic

size d

Natural

groups e

Tetraploids Aegilops biuncialis U M 10.37 ± 0.037 10.91 The U

geniculata group

(= ovata )

M U 10.29 ± 0.008 10.91

neglecta

(= triaristata )

U M 10.64 ± 0.404 10.91

columnaris U M 10.86 10.91

triuncialis UC; CU 9.93 ± 0.041 10.22

kotschyi S U 12.64 ± 0.183 12.86

peregrina

(= variabilis )

S U 12.52 ± 0.181 12.86

cylindrica CD 9.59 10.01 The D

crassa D M 10.86 10.70 group

ventricosa DN 10.64n 10.99

Triticum turgidum subsp.

dicoccoides

B A 12.91 ± 0.199 11.83 The A

group

turgidum subsp.

durum

B A 12.84 ± 0.175 11.83

timopheevii

subsp.

armeniacum

GA 11.82 ± 0.071 11.83

timopheevii

subsp.

timopheevii

GA 11.87 ± 0.630 11.83

Hexaploids Aegilops Recta

( = triaristata )

U M N 16.22 16.46 The U

group

vavilovi D M S 17.13 ± 0.139 18.34 The D

crassa D DM – – group

juvenalis D M U – –

Triticum aestivum subsp.

spelta

B AD 17.72 ± 0.039 18.04 The A

group

aestivum subsp.

aestivum

B AD 17.67 ± 0.311 18.04

zhukovskyi GAA m 17.74 18.35
a Species designation after van Slageren ( 1994 )
b Genome designations according to Kimber and Tsunewaki ( 1988 ); underlined designation indi-
cates modifi ed genomes, the fi rst genome is the donor of the cytoplasm.
c Genome size from Eilam et al. ( 2008 )
d {Expected genomic size from the sum of the DNA amounts of the two parental species (see Eilam
et al. 2007 for 1C DNA amount in the diploid species). The calculation of the expected DNA
amount in the allopolyploids of Triticum was based on the assumption that genomes G and B were
donated by Aegilops speltoides.
e Groups according to Zohary and Feldman( 1962 )

M. Feldman and A.A. Levy