269
INDEX
Abel, Elizabeth, 151n3
actual audience, xi, 7, 20, 27–28, 64, 81, 92,
115–16, 157–58, 195–96, 211–13
actual author, 26 table 1.1, 26–27. See also
author; implied author
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (Twain), 7,
44–48, 105–8, 219–20, 232, 237
Adventures of Tom Sawyer (Twain), 45n9
aesthetics, 10–11, 64, 78–79, 81, 83–84, 95,
118–19, 126, 130–31, 247–48
Affective Fallacy, 97, 199
agency: authorial, 6, 33, 39, 196, 203–6; of
characters, 18; in “Das Urteil,” 88, 90;
intentionality and, 203; in Lolita, 110; of
narrator, 18; in Persuasion, 71; readerly,
34; in Time’s Arrow, 129
Alber, Jan, 51
ambiguity, 4, 25, 64, 84, 136, 154, 156, 169,
194, 202
Amis, Martin, 117–34
Angela’s Ashes (McCourt), 10, 197–98, 219–
20, 232
anti-intentionalism, 196
“Appearances” (O’Hara), 168, 173, 185–94
Aristotle, 32–36, 34n3
Armstrong, Lance, ix
“Art as Technique” (Shklovsky), 106
As I Lay Dying (Faulkner), 110
Atonement (McEwan), 94
audience(s), ix–x; actual, xi, 7, 20, 27–28, 64,
81, 92, 115–16, 157–58, 195–96, 211–13;
authorial, 7–8, 26 table 1.1, 27; deficient
narration and, 213–14, 236; in fiction,
69–70; genre inferences made by, 36–43;
narratee as, 7; narrative, 7–8, 26 table 1.1,
27–28, 69–70, 75; narrative judgments
and, 83–84. See also readers, rhetorical
Austen, Jane, 9, 43, 70–71, 73–77, 73n2, 202–3
author: actual, 26 table 1.1, 26–27; constraints
on, 77–81; in fiction, 69–70; freedom of,
77–81; implied, 13, 26 table 1.1, 26–27,
197–98, 204–14, 231; reliable narration
and, 218
authorial agency, 6, 33, 40, 196, 203–6
authorial audience, 7–8, 26 table 1.1, 27
authorial disclosure, 16, 20; across conversa-
tions, 168–70, 175–80, 183–94. See also
conversational disclosure; dialogue
backward narration, 117–24, 118n1, 129, 134.
See also Time’s Arrow (Amis)
Baetens, Jan, 92
Bauby, Jean-Dominique, 196, 209–13
Beardsley, Monroe, 196, 199
Beloved (Morrison), 94
Bierce, Ambrose, 94
bonding unreliability, 99–116; literally unreli-
able but metaphorically reliable, 101–5;
in naïve defamiliarization, 106; in play-
ful comparison, 105–6; within rhetori-
cal approach to narration, 99–101; in
sincere but misguided self-deprecation,
107; subtypes of, 101–10; through opti-
mistic comparison, 109–10, 112. See also
estranging unreliability
INDEX