Ecology, Conservation and Management of Wild Pigs and Peccaries

Part II: Species Accounts

210

Occurrence Origin Notes References

Brazil Introduced Long 2003; Salvador & Fernandez 2013

Chile Introduced First records in the 1950s. Further introductions in

2002–2009

Jaksic et al. 2002; Aravena et al. 2015;

Skewes & Jaksic 2015

Colombia Introduced Oliver & Leus 2008

Costa Rica Introduced Cocos Island Long 2003

Ecuador

(Galapagos)

Introduced First introduction between 1832 and 1890 Long 2003

Paraguay Introduced Spreading in the north and west from Brazil populations Chapter 29 this book

Uruguay Introduced First introduction in the1920s Herrero & Fernández de Luco 2003;

García et al. 2011

Oceania By 1000 AD they had been introduced throughout much of

Oceania, including the Hawaiian Islands

Long 2003

American Samoa Introduced SPREP 2000

Australia Introduced First introduction in 1788. Feral pig distribution covers 45% of

Australia and occurs in all States with an estimated population

of about 24 million of individuals. Range expansion and

increasing densities in many areas in recent decades

West 2008; Chapter 30 this book;

Chapter 21 this book

Cook Islands Introduced First introduction around 1800 SPREP 2000; Long 2003

Fiji Introduced First introduction c.1300 BC SPREP 2000; Long 2003

French Polynesia Introduced SPREP 2000

Guam Introduced First introduction of domestic pigs between 1672 and 1685 SPREP 2000; Long 2003

Kiribati Introduced SPREP 2000

Lord Howe Is. Introduced Eradicated Parkes et al. 2002

Marshall Islands Introduced Record not confirmed SPREP 2000

Federates States of

Micronesia

Introduced SPREP 2000

Nauru Introduced Record not confirmed SPREP 2000

New Caledonia Introduced First record in 1774 Long 2003

New Zealand Introduced First record in 1773; further introductions in 1807, 1840,

1842–1843

Long 2003; Chapter 30 this book

Niue Introduced Record not confirmed SPREP 2000

Northern Mariana

Islands

Introduced SPREP 2000

Palau Introduced SPREP 2000

Papua New Guinea Introduced First introduction between 4000 and 10,000 years ago.

Intermediate types between the wild boar S. vittatus and the

Sulawesi warty pig S. celebensis exist

Oliver 1984; SPREP 2000; Long 2003

Pitcairn Island Introduced Record not confirmed SPREP 2000

Samoa Introduced SPREP 2000

Solomon Islands Introduced SPREP 2000

Tasmania Introduced First introduction in 1770 Long 2003

Tokelau Introduced SPREP 2000

Tonga Introduced SPREP 2000

Tuvalu Introduced SPREP 2000

Vanuatu Introduced SPREP 2000

Wallis and Futuna

Islands

Introduced SPREP 2000

Table 21.2 (cont.)

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