over the past century, a wide variety of pollutants such as (PHC, PAHs, halogenated
hydrocarbons, pesticide solvents, salt and heavy metals have been introduced into
the environment and cause environmental problems (Rajkumar et al. 2010 ; Ma et al.
2011 ).
New technology such as phytoremediation and bioremediation using microbes
especially endophytes are gaining considerable momentum (Li et al. 2012 ; Weyens
et al. 2009 ; Germaine et al. 2009 ). In this review, we attempted to discuss the role
of endophytic fungi and their potential in bioremediation of natural and anthro-
pogenic toxic pollutants.
Table 3.1 Therapeutic compounds from endophytes for various hosts
Natural product Endophyte Host plant Activity References
Taxol Taxomyces
andreanaeTaxus
brevifoliaAnticancer Stierle et al.
( 1993 )
Cryptocandin Cryptosporiopsis
quercinaTvipterigeum
wilfordiiAntifungal Strobel et al
( 1999 )
Cryptocin Cryptosporiopsis
quercinaTvipterigeum
wilfordiiAntifungal Li and
Strobel
( 2001 )
Pestaloside Pestalotiopsis
microsporeTorreya
taxifoliaAntifungal Lee et al.
( 1995 )
Torreyanic acid Pestalotiopsis
microsporeTorreya
taxifoliaAnticancer Lee et al.
( 1996 )
Subglutinols
A&BFusarium
subglutinolsTaxus
cuspidataImmunosuppressive Kim et al
( 2004 )
Campothecin Entrophospora
infrequensNothapodytes
foetidaAntineoplastic Puri et al.
( 2005 )
Naptha-y-pyrone Aspergillus niger Cynodon
dactylonAntitumor Song et al.
( 2007 )
Vincristine Fusarium
oxysporumCantharanthus
roseusAnticancer Kumar et al.
( 2013 )
Peniprequinolone Penicillium
janezewskiiPrumnopitys
andinaNematicidal Hirschmann
et al. ( 2005 )
Podophyllotoxin Alternariasp. Sabina vulgaris Antiviral Eyberger
et al. ( 2006 )
Vinblastin Alternariasp. Catharanthus
roseusAnticancer Guo et al.
(1998)
Volatile
hydrocarbonsGliocladium
roseumEucryphia
cordifoliaMycodiesel Stinson et al.
( 2003 )
Volatile
hydrocarbonsHypoxylon sp. Persea indica Mycodiesel Tomsheck
et al. ( 2010 )
Volatile
hydrocarbonsMuscodor albus Ginkgo biloba Mycodiesel Banerjee
et al. ( 2010 )3 Endophytic Fungi Bioremediation 49