References 255
Yahner, R. H. and A. L. Wright. 1985. Depredation on artificial ground nests: Effects of edge
and plot age. Journal of Wildlife Management 49: 508–13.
Yang, J., T. Yu, Y. Cheng and S. Yeh. 1996. Transgenic papaya plants from Agrobacterium
mediated transformation of petioles of in vitro propagated multishoots. Plant Cell
Reports 15(7): 459– 64.
Yang, J. S. and C. A. Ye. 1992. Plant regeneration from petioles of in vitro regenerated papaya
(C. papaya L.) shoots. Botanical Bulletin-Academia Sinica 33(4): 375 – 81.
Yeh, S., H. Bau, Y. Cheng, T. Yu and J. Yang. 1998. Greenhouse and field evaluation of coat-
protein transgenic papaya resistant to papaya ringspot virus. Acta Horticulturae 4 61:
321–28.
Yogananda, D. K., B. S. Vyakaranahal and M. Sekhargouda. 2004. Effect of seed invigora-
tion with growth regulators and micronutrients on germination and seedling vigour of
bell pepper cv. California wonder. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences 17(4):
811–13.
Yogeesha, H. S., K. Bhanuprakash and L. B. Naik. 2008. Seed storability in three varieties of
papaya in relation to seed moisture, packaging material and storage temperature. Seed
Science and Technology 36(3): 721–29.
Yousefi, A., M. Niakousari and M. Moradi. 2013. Microwave assisted hot air drying of papaya
(Carica papaya L.) pretreated in osmotic solution. African Journal of Agriculture
Research 8(25): 3229–35.
Yu, Q., S. Hou, R. Hobza et al. 2007. Chromosomal location and gene paucity of the male
specific region on papaya Y chromosome. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 278:
177– 85.
Yu, Q., S. Hou, F. A. Feltus et al. 2008a. Low X/Y divergence in four pairs of papaya sex-
linked genes. The Plant Journal 53: 124 –32.
Yu, Q., R. Navajas-Perez, E. Tong, J. Robertson and P. H. Moore. 2008b. Recent origin of
dioecious and gynodioecious Y chromosomes in papaya. Tropical Plant Biology 1:
49 –57.
Yu, Q., E. Tong, R. L. Skelton et al. 2009. A physical map of the papaya genome with inte-
grated genetic map and genome sequence. BMC Genomics 10: 371.
Yu, T. A., S. D. Yeh and J. S. Yang. 2003. Comparison of effects of kanamycin and geneticin
on regeneration of papaya from root tissue. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 74:
169 –78.
Yung, J. S. 1986. Interspecific hybridization and immature embryo culture of Carica sp.
Journal for College of Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsiang University,
Taichu ng, Taiwa n 23: 13–26.
Zerpa, D. M. 1957. Triploides De Carica papaya L. Agronomica Tropical 7: 83–86.
Zerpa, D. M. 1959. Cytology of inter-specific hybrids in Carica. Agronomica Tropical
Venezuela 8: 135– 44.
Zhang, L. X. and R. E. Paull. 1990. Ripening behavior of papaya genotype. Horticulture
Science 25: 454 –55.
Zhang, W., X. Wang, Q. Yu, R. Ming and J. Jiang. 2008. DNA methylation and heterochro-
matinization in the male-specific region of the primitive Y chromosome of papaya.
Genome Research 18: 1938 – 43.
Zhang, W., C. M. Wai, R. Ming, Q. Yu and J. Jiang. 2010. Integration of genetic and cyto-
logical maps and development of a pachytene chromosome-based karyotype in papaya.
Tropical Plant Biology 3: 166 –70.
Zhou, L., D. A. Christopher and R. E. Paull. 2000. Defoliation and fruit removal effects
on papaya fruit production, sugar accumulation, and sucrose metabolism. Journal of
American Society for Horticulture Sciences 125(5): 644 –52.
Zhou, K., H. Wang, W. Mei, X. Li, Y. Luo and H. Dai. 2011. Antioxidant activity of papaya
seed extracts. Molecules 16(8): 6179 – 92.