Biology 12

DNA, 230

HIV, 131

Homeostasis, 104, 106 , 108
brain, 141
chemotherapy, 132
endocrine system, 168
immune system, 125
individual variation, 104
negative feedback loop, 110
nervous system, 138
skin, 157
thyroid gland, 177
Homeostatic systems, 160–161inv
Homologous structures, 354
Homozygous, 366
Hormone-receptor combination,
171
Hormone replacement therapy, 170,
187, 200, 200TL
Hormones, 166, 168 , 169
antagonistic, 170
function, 169
half-life, 170
non-steroid, 171
production, 169
steroid, 170
types of, 170
Host, 488
Human ear, 157
Human eye, 152
Human Genome Project (HGP), 246,
299
Human growth hormone (HGH),
174
Human immunodeficiency virus,
131
Human papillomavirus (HPV), 197
Human population, 504
age pyramid, 510
age structure, 507
Agricultural Revolution, 504
baby boom, 510
birth rate, 507
bubonic plague, 505
carrying capacity, 516
cemetery studies, 508–509inv
child and infant mortality, 506
circular metabolism, 513
demographic transition, 505,
506, 507
demography, 508–509inv
density-dependent
events/factors, 504
Earth’s carrying capacity, 516
effect of, 514
fertility rate, 507, 520, 533
genetically modified crops, 520
global, 506, 533
growth, 504
hunter-gatherers, 504, 511
Industrial Revolution, 505
K-selected, 504

less industrialized nations, 506

limit, 516

limiting factors, 517

linear metabolism, 513

momentum for growth, 511

more industrialized nations, 506

replacement fertility rate, 507

smart growth, 514

urbanization, 511

zero population growth, 506,

507

Huntington’s disease, 241, 381

Hutton, James, 345

Hybrid breakdown, 401

Hybrid inviability, 400

Hybrid sterility, 401

Hydrocarbons, 14

Hydrogen bonds, 11 , 565

Hydrologic cycle, 452

Hydrolysis, 24–25inv, 26

products of, 24–25inv

Hydrolytic enzymes, 41

Hydrophilic, 12

functional groups, 16

Hydrophobic, 12

Hydrothermal vents, 44

Hydroxide ion, 21

Hydroxyl, 15

Hyperopia, 156

Hyperpigmentation, 187

Hyperthermia, 109

Hyperthyroidism, 178

Hypoglycemia, 187

Hypothalamus, 110, 138, 143, 144 ,

172, 176

pituitary, 117

Hypothermia, 109

Hypothyroidism, 178

Immigration, 473

Immune disorders

arthritis, 123

diabetes, 123

lupus, 123

Immune system

endocrine system, 168

homeostasis, 125

Immunity, 125

antibody, 126, 127

cellular, 126

non-specific, 125

specific, 126

in situtherapy, 316

in vivotherapy, 316

Inbreeding, 382

Incomplete dominance, 367

Individual variation, 104

homeostasis, 104

Induced fit, 42

Induced mutation, 289

Inducer, 274

Industrial Revolution, 335–336, 505

Inheritance, 218

factors of, 218

Inheritance of acquired

characteristics, 341

Inhibin, 194

Inhibitory response, 150

Initiation, 257

translation, 265

Inorganic, 14

Insulin, 121, 181, 208, 307–308

production of, by body, 122

Insulin receptors, 181

Integrator, 110

Interphase, 555

Interspecific competition, 483

Interstitial cells, 193

Interstitial fluid, 108

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection,

244

Intraspecific competition, 482

Introns, 243 , 245

Ion, 10

Ionic bond, 8 , 564

Iris, 153

Islets of Langerhans, 121 , 181

Isomers, 15

structural, 15

Isotonic, 115

Isotopes, 7

J-shaped curve, 474

Jacob, François, 273

Jet lag, 144

Joggins fossil cliffs, 353

Jumping genes, 288

Juvenile diabetes, 123

K-selection, 498

Kennedy, John F., 187

Kermode bear, 216

Kettlewell, H.B., 335

Kidney, 112

blood pH, 117

Kidney transplants, 118

ethical considerations, 118

suitable donors, 118

Kinetic energy, 36

King, Thomas, 313

Kiwi, 353

Koivu, Saku, 322

Krause end bulbs, 158

Krebs cycle, 65 , 71–72, 73–74

enzyme activity in, 72–73inv

Krebs, Charles, 72, 488

Lactic acid fermentation, 80

Lagging strand, 236

Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste, 341, 348

Lanza, Robert, 313

Lateral ventricle, 143

Laws of thermodynamics, 37

Leading strand, 236

Index • MHR 595