Natural Remedies in the Fight Against Parasites

Scientific names

Common names inMexico

Portions

Extracts

Properties

Metabolites

References

Mexican medicinal plants against

Plasmodium

Exostema caribaeum

Quina, melena de león

Stem bark Ethyl acetate

IC50 = 3.2 μg/ml

Phenylcoumarin derivative

[32]

Hintonia latiflora (=Cuntarea latiflora)

Copalchi, palo amargo

Stem bark Ethyl acetate

IC50 = 7.3 μg/mlIn vivo

activity against schizonts

at 40 mg/kg.IC50 = 24.7 and 25.9 μMIC50 = 25.9 μM

Phenylcoumarin derivative5-O-

β-D-glucopyranosyl-7,4 ́-

dimethoxy-3 ́-hydroxy-4-phenylcoumarin5-O-

β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-methoxy-

3 ́,4 ́-dihydroxy-4-phenylcoumarin

[32][34]

Mexican medicinal plants against

T. cruzi

Aristolochia taliscana Guaco

Roots

Methanol

In vitro

activity on epimastigotes

at 0.5 mg/ml

Neolignans (aupomatenoid-7 licarinA, aupomatenoid-1 and licarin B)and lignans (austrobailignan-7, andfragransin E1).

[42]

Persea americana

Aguacate

Seeds

Methanol

IC50 (epimastigotes) = 82 μMIC50 (trypomatigotes) = 49 μM

1,2,4-Tri-hydroxyheptadec-16-ene,1,2,4-tri-hydroxyheptadec-16-yneand 1,2,4-trihydroxinonadecanederivatives

[43]

Senna villosa

Booxsaal che, saal che,black bean

Leaves

Chloroform

In vitro

activity on epimastigotes

at 1.6 mg/ml

8-Hydroxymethylen)-triecosanyl

[44]

Haematoxylumbrasiletto

Palo de brasil

Leaves andaerial parts

Methanol

In vitro

activity on epimastigotes

at 7.92 mg/ml

Hematoxylin, Brazilin, Caffeic acid,Gallic acid, Methyl gallate,phloroglucinol, 4-hydroxycinnamicacid and 5-methoxypsoralen

[46]

Mexican medicinal plants against

Leishmania

Pentalinon andrieuxii Bejuco guaco,

cantibtec, contrayerba

Leaves androots

Water

In vitro

activity on

promastigotes at 10

μg/ml

6,7-Dihydroneridienone, Cholest-4-en-3-one

[53]

Laennecia confusa

ND

Aerial parts Water

Chloroform

IC50 ~20 μg/ml

Flavonoids, Cyanogenic Glycosidesand CardiotonicSaponins, Sesquiterpene Lactonesand Triterpenes

[55]

66 Natural Remedies in the Fight Against Parasites