© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 1
T. Tsuji (ed.), Organ Regeneration Based on Developmental Biology,
DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-3768-9_
Chapter 1
Telencephalic Tissue Formation in 3D Stem
Cell Culture
Taisuke Kadoshima, Hideya Sakaguchi, and Mototsugu Eiraku
Abstract The telencephalon is one of the most complex regions of the brain, and it
plays important roles in higher brain functions in humans. However, due to the poor
accessibility of human brain tissue for research, it has been difficult to explore the
mechanisms of human brain development and function. Recent advances in stem
cell technology now enable us to generate telencephalic tissues from human plu-
ripotent stem cells. This may become a powerful tool for examining developmental
processes or disease mechanisms related to the telencephalon. In this review, we
provide an overview of recent advances in the recapitulation of telencephalic tissues
in vitro, mainly focusing on three-dimensional (3D) culture of human embryonic
stem cells (ESCs). Ventral and dorsal telencephalic tissues can now be sufficiently
induced using specific media that support the differentiation of each tissue type. The
generation of telencephalic tissues from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) pro-
vides a new experimental platform for biomedical research, such as disease model-
ing, drug screening, and cell-based transplantation therapy.
Keywords SFEBq culture • Human ESCs • Telencephalon • Cerebral cortex •
Ganglionic eminence • Medial pallium • Hippocampus
T. Kadoshima
RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
Asubio Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
H. Sakaguchi
RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University,
Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
M. Eiraku (*)
RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
e-mail: [email protected]
Authors “Taisuke Kadoshima” “Hideya Sakaguchi” are contributed equally to this work.