TABLE 6.2 Outcome of some of the Phase III clinical trials with ABC transporter inhibitors.YearTrialgroupNumber of
patientsCancer typeModulator Anticancer drugsOutcomeReference1995 MRC235Relapsed andrefractory AMLCyclosporin DaunorubicinCytarabineEtoposideNo benefitYin et al. (2001)1998 SWOG226Poor-risk AML,RAEB-tCyclosporin DaunorubicinCytarabineImproved OS in
P-gp positivepatientsList et al. (2001)1996 Novartis256AMLPSC833DaunorubicinCytarabineEtoposideNo benefitSonneveld et al. (2001)2000 CALGB410Untreated AMLPSC-833 DaunorubicinEtoposideCytarabineNo OS advantage forthose>45 years; OSbenefit for those<45 yearsBaer et al. (2002)1996315Poor-risk acuteleukemiaQuinineMitoxantroneCytarabineNo benefitSolary et al. (1996)1996 GFM131High risk MDSQuinineMitoxantroneCytarabineImproved OS in
P-gp positive patientsWattel et al. (1999)1999 GEO-LAMS425De novoAMLQuinineIdarubicineCytarabineMitoxantroneSignificant improvementin the CR rate in P-gppositive patients.No OS advantageSolary et al. (2003)AML, acute myelogenous leukemia; CR, complete response; MDS, myelodysplastic syndrome; OS, overall survival; RAEB-t, refractory anemia with excess ofblasts in transformation; RR, response rate.156