Kalvass JC, Tess DA, Giragossian C, Linhares MC, Maurer TS. Influence of
microsomal concentration on apparent intrinsic clearance: implications for scaling
in vitrodata. Drug Metab Dispos 2001;29:1332–1336.
Kroemer HK, Echizen H, Heidemann H, Eichelbaum M. Predictability of the
in vivometabolism of verapamil fromin vitrodata: contribution of individual
metabolic pathways and stereoselective aspects. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992;260:
1052–1057.
Krueger SK, Williams DE. Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenases: structure/
function, genetic polymorphisms and role in drug metabolism. Pharmacol Ther
2005;106:357–387.
Lai F, Khojasteh-Bakht SC.Automated online liquid chromatographic/mass spectro-
metric metabolic study for prodrug stability. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol
Biomed Life Sci 2005;814:225–232.
Levine B, Zhang X, Smialek JE, Kunsman GW, Frontz ME. Citalopram distribution in
postmortem cases. J Anal Toxicol 2001;25:641–644.
Li AP, Rasmussen A, Xu L, Kaminski DL.Rifampicin induction of lidocaine
metabolism in cultured human hepatocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 274:1995;673–
677.
Li XQ, Bjorkman A, Andersson TB, Gustafsson LL, Masimirembwa CM.
Identification of human cytochrome P(450)s that metabolise anti-parasitic drugs
and predictions ofin vivodrug hepatic clearance fromin vitrodata. Eur J Clin
Pharmacol 2003;59:429–442.
Liederer BM, Borchardt RT. Stability of oxymethyl-modified coumarinic acid cyclic
prodrugs of diastereomeric opioid peptides in biological media from various animal
species including human. J Pharm Sci 2005;94:2198–2206.
Lin JH, Lu AY. Role of pharmacokinetics and metabolism in drug discovery and
development. Pharmacol Rev 1997;49:403–449.
Lin Y, Lu P, Tang C, Mei Q, Sandig G, Rodrigues AD, Rushmore TH, Shou
M.Substrate inhibition kinetics for cytochrome P450-catalyzed reactions. Drug
Metab Dispos 2001;29:368–374.
MacKenzie AR, Marchington AP, Middleton DS, Newman SD, Jones BC.Structure-
activity relationships of 1-alkyl-5-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)- 5-[2-[(3-substituted)-1-azeti-
dinyl]ethyl]-2-piperidones. 1. Selective antagonists of the neurokinin-2 receptor. J
Med Chem 2002;45:5365–5377.
Mandagere AK, Thompson TN, Hwang KK. Graphical model for estimating oral
bioavailability of drugs in humans and other species from their Caco-2 permeability
andin vitroliver enzyme metabolic stability rates. J Med Chem 2002;45:304–311.
Masimirembwa CM, Bredberg U, Andersson TB.Metabolic stability for drug discovery
and development: pharmacokinetic and biochemical challenges. Clin Pharmacokinet
2003;42:515–528.
Mei Q, Tang C, Lin Y, Rushmore TH. Shou M. Inhibition kinetics of monoclonal
antibodies against cytochromes P450. Drug Metab Dispos 2002;30:701–708.
Nakajima M, Tanaka E, Kwon JT, Yokoi T.Characterization of nicotine and cotinine
N-glucuronidations in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos 2002;30:1484–
1490.
REFERENCES 443