Cell Language 201“6x9” b2861 The Cell Language Theory: Connecting Mind and MatterTable 4.12 The postulated analogy between the unsolvability of the fifth-degree
polynomial equations and the unpredictability of the 3D structures of proteins based on
their amino acid sequence data.
Theory of Algebraic
EquationsTheory of Protein Folds/
Functions
Solved What is Fourth-degree
polynomial
equations2D structuresBy whom Ancient
mathematiciansComputational biologists of the
20th century
Unsolvable What is Fifth-degree
polynomial
equations3D structures based on amino
acid sequence informationProved by N. H. Abel in 1824 A. Valencia and others in 2005 (?)
Why unsolvable
Explained byE. Galois in 1846 Living systems are rule-
governed creative systems
(21st century) [19]
New theory
emergingGroup theory A Theory of Everything (e.g.,
the Tarragonator [253])Table 4.13 A postulated relation among physics, biology, and linguistics.Relative Contributions ofPhysics
(Law-governed)Biology
(Matter/Symbol
Complementary)Linguistics
(Rule-governed)
Laws (governing Matter/
Energy)+ + + + + + + + +Rules (encoded in Symbols,
carriers of Information)+ + + + + + + + +One possible explanation for why the protein structures and functions
cannot be predicted based on their amino acid sequence data alone may
be that biology is a complementary union of the predictable (the domain
of physics) and the unpredictable or the creative (the domain of linguis-
tics; cf. the rule-governed creativity [19, 267] and Section 4.2.2). This
idea is summarized in Table 4.13, which includes the concept of matter–
symbol complementarity advanced by H. Pattee over the last three decadesb2861_Ch-04.indd 201 17-10-2017 11:58:57 AM