239“6x9” b2861 The Cell Language Theory: Connecting Mind and MatterChapter 5
Matrix Mathematics of Genetics
5.1. The Petoukhov Coincidence
The genetic code connecting the triplets of the four nucleotides A, C, G,
and T of DNA (or U in RNA) to the 20 amino acids was discovered in the
early 1960s, about one decade after the discovery of the DNA double helix
by Watson and Crick in 1953 [363]. In other words, the mid-20th century
molecular biology established the following scheme here referred to as the
First Genetic Code:4 nucleotides→“first Genetic code” 20 amino acids (5.1)The traditional genetic code, i.e., (5.1), may not be the only “genetic
code”, understood as a rule of mapping between two entities (e.g., nucleic
acids and amino acids) that operates in the living cell and is transmitted
from one generation to the next. There may be multiple rules of heritable
mappings, i.e., codes, which are associated with the diversity of the regu-
larities that have been revealed at multiple levels of organization of living
systems since the mid-20th century, from molecules to mind.
Strongly motivated by the theoretical results of Petoukhov [158] and
based on my earlier publications under the rubrics of biocybernetics
(Chapter 6), I have come to postulate that there may exist genetic codes
other than the First Genetic Code, (5.1). For example, Petoukhov [158]b2861_Ch-05.indd 239 17-10-2017 12:01:13 PM