CSS Master

formanceoptimizationmethods,theSitePointbookLeanWebsites^7 isausefulre-
source.

Managing Styles for Legacy Browsers

Cross-browsercompatibilityisthebestit’severbeen.Thespeedwithwhichusers
upgradetheirbrowsersisalsothebestit’severbeen.Unfortunately,notallweb
usersareusingthelatestandgreatestversionoftheirbrowser,sowe’llstillneed
tomanageCSSforthosebrowsers.Thereareacoupleofwaystodothis.

Using Conditional Comments (IE9 and Earlier)

InternetExplorer 9 andearlierversionssupportconditionalcomments,whichenable
ustoserveCSS,JavaScript,orportionsofHTMLonlytoIEusers:

<!--[if IE]>

CSS, JavaScript, or HTML goes here.

<![endif]-->

Conditionalcommentsuseacollectionofoperatorstospecifytheconditionunder
whichthecodecontainedwithinitshouldbeapplied,asshowninTable2.1.^8

Table 2.1. Commonly used conditional comments operators

Operator Purpose

! NOT operator; negates the condition

lt Less-than operator

lte Less-than or equal-to operator

gt Greater-than operator

gte Greater-than or equal-to operator

ToserveCSStoInternetExplorer 9 alone,youcouldusethefollowing:

(^7) https://www.sitepoint.com/premium/books/lean-websites
(^8) TheMicrosoftDeveloperNetworkdocumentationfeaturesacompletelistofconditionalcomment
operators.[https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms537512%28v%3Dvs.85%29.aspx]
CSS Architecture and Organization 75