Index 593amputation case study 492
computed tomography 504
digit injuries 326–327
exercises 200–201, 236–238, 239
girth measurement 304
limb loss/dysfunction implications 276–277, 278
manipulative therapy/chiropractic 557–558
metacarpal fractures 324–326
physes closure age 259
retraining programs case study 256
spinal disorders 428, 428 , 429
strength training 233 , 233
ultrasonography 509–510, 510
veterinary orthoses/prostheses 273–274,
280, 281
thoracic limb structure
and gait/locomotion 31
kinetic gait analysis 36, 37
structure‐function correlates 17
structure of different breeds 14–17, 15 , 16
3‐D printing, veterinary orthoses/prostheses 267,
274–275
three‐legged standing test, strength testing 392
three‐point corrective systems, orthoses/
prostheses 268 , 268–269, 269 , 270
tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO)
aquatic therapy 209
case study 133–134
CCL insufficiency 373–374, 374 , 375
cryotherapy 138
physical modalities case study 154–155
rehabilitation 334
tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) 209, 374 ,
374–375
tibial tuberosity transposition, patellar luxation
377, 377
tickling, therapeutic exercise 201
TightRope® cranial cruciate ligament technique
373, 373
tissue flexibility. see flexibility
tizanadine 487
topiramate 489
total hip replacement (THR) 364–367, 366
toxic materials, contact with working dogs 531, 531
toys, therapeutic swimming 216–217
TPLO. see tibial plateau leveling osteotomy
tracking events 4 , 24 , 249
traction, joint mobilization and manipulation 132
tramadol 487
trampoline, therapeutic exercise 192
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
(TENS) 151
clinical application 152–154, 153
contraindications 154
equipment 151 , 153
flexibility 152
hamstring muscle 153
healing 152
muscle strength 152
for pain 151–152
transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) 405. see also
platelet rich plasma
transitions, therapeutic exercise 202
transverse canter gaits 23, 27–28, 28
transverse gallop gaits 23
trauma, spinal 438 , 438–440, 442
traumatic Achilles tendon rupture case study 379 ,
379–381, 380
traumatic fragmented medial coronoid process
(TFCP) 311
diagnosis 312–313
etiology 31 1–312
treatment 313
Travell, Janet 123–124
trazadone 490
treadmill exercise 204–205, 205. see also underwater
treadmill work
belt speed 205
endurance work 205–206, 249 , 249
energy utilization at rest and during
exercise 75–77
therapeutic exercise 183, 183
treatment calendars, therapeutic exercise 187–188
treatment glides, soft tissue treatment 131 , 131
triceps tendons, ultrasonography 506
tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), for pain
management 489
trigger point pressure release (TTPR)
cryotherapy 139
soft tissue treatment 123–124, 125
triglycerides, medium vs. long‐chain differences 82
triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) 363–364, 364 , 365
contraindications 365
trochleoplasty, patellar luxation 377 , 377
trot
gait abnormalities 30–32
gait training/retraining 32–33, 33
normal gaits 23, 25–27, 26 , 27
TTA. see tibial tuberosity advancement
tugging, strength training 233 , 236 , 236
tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), geriatric
patients 462
tunnels, therapeutic exercise 183, 184
turbulence, aquatic therapy 210–211, 211 , 213ultrasonography 506–510. see also therapeutic
ultrasound
carpal injuries 321
flexor enthesiopathy 412
pelvic limb 357 , 358, 508–509
shoulder joint 507–508
supraspinatus tendinopathy 296, 297
triceps tendons 506
working dogs case study 536 , 538
underwater treadmill (UWTM) work 208, 209, 210,- see also aquatic therapy
assistive techniques 224–225
breed variation 222
case study 225
comparison with therapeutic swimming 219–220