LWBK1006-42 LWW-Govindan-Review December 12, 2011 20:38
Chapter 42•Stem Cell Transplantation 537Answer 42.32. The answer is C.
Myelodysplastic syndrome occurs in 10% to 20% of long-term survivors
of autologous stem cell transplantation, although it may be impossi-
ble to dismiss the potential contribution of pretransplant chemotherapy
regimens to its development.Varicella zosteroutbreaks are commonly
observed up to 6 to 12 months posttransplant and form the basis for the
widespread practice of posttransplant antiviral prophylaxis. Pericarditis
and myocarditis are observed in association with high-dose cyclophos-
phamide, usually in the immediate peritransplant period. Pneumocystis
pneumonia is a frequent complication of allogeneic stem cell transplan-
tation, because of prolonged systemic immunosuppression, but is rarely
observed in the autologous transplant setting except in patients treated
with chronic corticosteroids before transplant.