LWBK1006-03 LWW-Govindan-Review November 24, 2011 11:19
42 DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg’s CANCER: Principles and Practice of Oncology ReviewQuestion 3.45. Which of the following is TRUE regarding cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and
cancer?
A. COX-2 inhibitors can reduce the incidence of colon cancer only in
individuals with FAP.
B. COX inhibitors not only reduce colon cancers but also decrease the
number of colonic polyps.
C. COX-2 inhibitors can prevent only colon cancers associated with
inflammatory conditions such as ulcerative colitis.
D. None of the above.Question 3.46. Cancer-associated stromal fibroblasts (CAFs) are characterized by:
A. Lack of expression of vimentin unlike other fibroblasts
B. Consistently demonstrate genetic alterations and have undergone
transformation
C. Their ability to better support tumor progression than other fibrob-
lasts
D. Their ability to inhibit tumor progressionQuestion 3.47. Dendritic cells (DCs) are characterized by the following, EXCEPT:
A. DCs rapidly respond to alterations in tissue homeostasis.
B. DCs secrete proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-12 and TNF.
C. DCs present antigens in the context of major histocompatibility com-
plex class I and II to T cells.
D. DCs are activated in tumors and contribute to immune surveillance
of tumors.Question 3.48. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs):
A. Have no role in tumor growth or tumor destruction
B. Only promote angiogenesis and tumor progression
C. Have reduced antitumor effects in the presence of IL-10
D. Produce high levels of proinflammatory cytokines and therefore are
only associated with tumor destructionQuestion 3.49. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are:
A. A family of at least 12 different pattern recognition receptors.
B. TLRs, along with other pattern-recognizing receptors, are important
in microbial sensing.
C. TLR triggering in tumor cells may result in tumor apoptosis, but acti-
vation of TLRs in tumor-infiltrating cells results in tumor promotion.
D. All the above.