awareness of university students in Beijing, China’, Journal of Contemporary China, 12
(36) (August), 533.- Personal interview with Green Camp activist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 25 May, 2005.
- Some scholars estimate that the number of grassroots organizations is larger than 200000.
See E. Knup (1997), ‘Environmental NGOs in China: an overview’, China Environment
Series, (l), 9–15; and D. Viederman (1998), ‘Save the planet, build civil society: democracy
gains from Chinese environmental effort’, Global Beat Issue Brief, (37) (22 June). - Information on the UYO is drawn from J. Marc Foggin’s ‘Highland encounters: building
new partnerships for conservation and sustainable development in the Yangtze River
headwaters, the heart of the Tibetan Plateau’, a book chapter commissioned by the
Innovative Communities Initiative, a joint project of the United Nations University and the
UNEP (September 2003). - Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (or CEPF) is a joint initiative of Conservational
International, the Global Environmental Facility, the government of Japan, the MacArthur
Foundation and the World Bank. The partnership focuses on advancing conservation of
biodiversity hotspots. See http://www.cepf.net and CEPF Fact Sheet, January 2003. - Conservation International, Building Conservation Capacity among NGOs in the Mountains
of Southwest China, Beijing, no date available. - Ibid.
- The Nature Conservancy, China Program, April 2004 report.
- For a view of the change in dynamics of discourse that TNC’s work in Yunnan represents,
see Litzinger, Ralph (2004), ‘The mobilization of “nature”: perspectives from North-West
Yunnan’, China Quarterly, (178) (June), 488–504. - Personal interview with TNC Staff Director, Kunming, 27 May, 2005.
- See WWF (2003), 2001-03 WWF China Programme Report, Beijing.
- Personal interview with Communications Officer, WWF, Beijing, 1 July, 2004.
- Personal interviews with INGO Directors, Beijing, 22 June, 2004; 23 June, 2004; 10
January, 2005; 11 January; 2005 and 26 May, 2005, and program materials. - See Wapner, Paul (1995), ‘Politics beyond the state: environmental activism and world civic
politics’, World Politics, (47) (April), 311–40. - Qin Chuan (2005), ‘Government turns up NGO volume’, China Daily, 26 April, p. 5.
- Yang (2005), op cit, n. 37, p. 56.
- See Hu Kanping and Yu Xiaogang (2005), ‘Bridge over troubled waters’, in Jennifer Turner
(ed.), Promoting Sustainable River Basin Governance, Tokyo: IDE-JETO, p. 129. - ‘Illegal logging exposé lands reporter a beating’, China Daily, 23 February, 2005,
p. 4. - Ho (2001), op cit, n. 40, p. 917.
- Personal interview with ENGO representative, Beijing, 15 June, 2004.
- Liao Xiaoyi, cited in Ho (2001), op cit, n. 40, p. 916.
- Personal interview with the Secretary General of Wilderness Taiwan, Taipei, 1 August, 2005.
- World Wide Fund for Nature (2003), 2001-03 WWF China Programme Report, Beijing,
pp. 25, 35. - Personal interview with FON Director, Beijing, 14 May, 2004.
- Yang, David Da-hua (2000), ‘Civil society as an analytic lens for contemporary China’,
China: An International Journal, 2 (1) (March), 10. - For example, Bryner, Gary C. (2001) notes: ‘Environmental issues are marginalized if they
are reduced to simply the agenda of special interest groups’. See his Gaia’s Wager:
Environmental Movements and the Challenge to Sustainability, Lanham, MD: Rowman &
Littlefield, p. 21. - Ma Qiusha (2002), ‘Defining Chinese nongovernmental organizations’, Voluntas:
International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 13 (2) (June), 128–9. - For a glimpse of the debate about the relationship between the growth of civil society in
China and democratization, see Johnson, Ian (2003), ‘The death and life of China’s civil
society’, Perspectives, 1 (3), 551–54; David Yang (2000), op cit, n. 78; Rebecca Morse
(2001), ‘China’s fledgling civil society: a force for democratization?’World Policy Journal,
18 (1), 56–66; and Ho (2001), op cit, n. 40, pp. 893–921.
190 Governance of biodiversity conservation in China and Taiwan