Chapter 6 Percutaneous Coronary Interventionpoor candidates for reoperative surgery. (Level of
Evidence: C)
2 PCI (or CABG) is reasonable for UA/NSTEMI
patients with 1- or 2-vessel CAD with or without
signifi cant proximal LAD CAD but with a moderate
area of viable myocardium and ischemia on nonin-
vasive testing. (Level of Evidence: B)
3 PCI (or CABG) can be benefi cial compared with
medical therapy for UA/NSTEMI patients with 1-
vessel disease with signifi cant proximal LAD CAD.
(Level of Evidence: B)
4 Use of PCI is reasonable in patients with UA/
NSTEMI with signifi cant left main CAD (greater
than 50% diameter stenosis) who are candidates for
revascularization but are not eligible for CABG or
who require emergency intervention at angiography
for hemodynamic instability. (Level of Evidence: B)
Class IIb
1 In the absence of high-risk features associated
with UA/NSTEMI, PCI may be considered in
patients with single-vessel or multivessel CAD who
are undergoing medical therapy and who have 1 or
more lesions to be dilated with a reduced likelihood
of success. (Level of Evidence: B)
2 PCI may be considered in patients with UA/
NSTEMI who are undergoing medical therapy who
have 2- or 3-vessel disease, signifi cant proximal LAD
CAD, and treated diabetes or abnormal LV func-
tion, with anatomy suitable for catheter-based
therapy. (Level of Evidence: B)
3 In initially stabilized patients, an initially conser-
vative (i.e., a selectively invasive) strategy may be
considered as a treatment strategy for UA/NSTEMI
patients (without serious comorbidities or contrain-
dications to such procedures§) who have an elevated
risk for clinical events (see Table 6.3), including
those who are troponin positive. (Level of Evidence:
B). The decision to implement an initial conserva-
tive (versus initial invasive) strategy in these patients
may be made by considering physician and patient
preference. (Level of Evidence: C)
4 An invasive strategy may be reasonable in patients
with chronic renal insuffi ciency. (Level of Evidence: C)
Refer to Figure 6.2.§For example, severe hepatic, pulmonary, or renal failure, or
active/inoperable cancer. Clinical judgment is required in such
cases.
Diagnostic angiography with intent to perform revascularization.Table 6.3 Selection of initial treatment strategy: invasive versus conservative strategy
Preferred strategy Patient characteristics
Invasive Recurrent angina or ischemia at rest or with low-level activities despite intensive medical therapy
Elevated cardiac biomarkers (TnT or TnI)
New or presumably new ST-segment depression
Signs or symptoms of HF or new or worsening mitral regurgitation
High-risk fi ndings from noninvasive testing
Hemodynamic instability
Sustained ventricular tachycardia
PCI within 6 months
Prior CABG
High-risk score (e.g., TIMI, GRACE)
Reduced LV function (LVEF less than 0.40)
Conservative Low-risk score (e.g., TIMI, GRACE)
Patient or physician preference in absence of high-risk features
Reprinted from the ACC/AHA 2007 UA/NSTEMI guidelines [4].
GRACE indicates Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events; HF, heart failure; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; TIMI, Thrombolysis In Myo-
cardial Infarction; TnI, troponin I; and TnT, troponin T.