The AHA Guidelines and Scientific Statements Handbook

Impact of Pre-Hypertension on CV Risk

Pre-hypertension (2): 130–139 / 85–89 mm Hg.

Pre-hypertension (1). : 120-129 / 80-84 mm Hg.

Normal BP: <120 / <80 mm Hg.

Cumulative

Incidence of CV

Events(%)

Pre-hypertension (1)

Years

Cumulative Incidence of CV Events

(%)

Pre-hypertension (2)

16

12

8

4

0

Men

Pre-hypertension (1)

Pre-hypertension (2)

12

8

4

0

Women

0 24681012

Normal BP

Normal BP

12

8

4

0

Women

0 24681012

12

8

4

0

Women

0 24681012

Fig. 11.3 Impact of blood pressure, not in the hypertensive range, on the risk of cardiovascular disease. Cumulative incidence of
cardiovascular events in the Framingham Study in individuals with BP not in the hypertension range. In the fi gure “Normal BP” is a BP of
<120/80 mm Hg (corresponding to “Optimal BP” in the original), “Pre-hypertension 1” is a BP of 120–129/80–84 mm Hg (corresponding to
“Low Normal BP”in the original) and “Pre-hypertension 2” is a BP of 130–139/85–89 mm Hg (corresponding to “High Normal BP” in the
original). Reproduced, with permission, from Vasan et al. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1291–1297.

Changes of BP with Age.

Fig. 11.4 Changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure with age. SBP and DBP by age and race or ethnicity for men and women over 18
years of age in the US population. Data from NHANES III, 1988 to 1991. Reprinted with permission from Burt, et al. Hypertension
1995;23:305–313.