Evolution, 4th Edition

LITERATURE CITED LC–21

54. Lessios, H. A. 2008. The great American schism: Divergence of
    marine organisms after the rise of the Central American Isthmus.
    Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 39: 63–91.


55. Lilley, D. M. J., and J. Sutherland. 2011. The chemical origins of life
    and its early evolution: An introduction. Phil. Trans. R. Soc., B 366:
    2853–2856.


56. Luo, Z.-X. 2007. Transformation and diversification in early mammal
    evolution. Nature 450: 1011–1019.


57. Lyons, T. W., T. Reinhard, and N. J. Planacsky. 2014. The rise of
    oxygen in Earth’s early ocean and atmosphere. Nature 506: 307–315.


58. Magallón, S., S. Gómez-Acevedo, L. L. Sánchez-Reyes, and T.
    Hernández-Hernández. 2015. A metacalibrated time-tree documents
    the early rise of flowering plant phylogenetic diversity. New Phytol.
    207: 437–453.


59. Margulis, L. 1993. Symbiosis in Cell Evolution, 2nd ed. W. H. Freeman,
    San Francisco.


60. Marshall, C. R. 2006. Explaining the Cambrian “explosion” of animals.
    Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 34: 355–384.


61. Martin, P. S., and R. G. Klein (eds.). 1984. Quaternary Extinctions: A
    Prehistoric Revolution. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.


62. Maynard Smith, J., and E. Szathmáry. 1995. The Major Transitions in
    Evolution. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco.


63. McElwain, J. C., and S. W. Punyasena. 2007. Mass extinction events
    and the plant fossil record. Trends Ecol. Evol. 22: 548–557.


64. Meredith, R. W., and 22 others. 2011. Impacts of the Cretaceous
    terrestrial revolution and KPg extinction on mammal diversification.
    Science 334: 521–524.


65. Michod, R. E. 2007. Evolution of individuality during the transition
    from unicellular to multicellular life. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:
    8613–8618.


66. Misof, B., and 100 others. 2014. Phylogenomics resolves the timing
    and pattern of insect evolution. Science 346: 763–767.


67. Moran, N. A. 2007. Symbiosis as an adaptive process and source of
    phenotypic complexity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 8627–8633.


68. O’Dea, A. O., and 34 others. 2016. Formation of the Isthmus of
    Panama. Sci. Adv. 2, article e1600883.


69. Paegel, B. M., and G. F. Joyce. 2008. Darwinian evolution on a chip.
    PLoS Biol. 6(4): e85.


70. Parfrey, L. W., D. J. G. Lahr, A. H. Knoll, and L. A. Katz. 2011.
    Estimating the timing of early eukaryotic diversification with
    multigene molecular clocks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108: 13624–
    13629.
    71a. Peterson, K. J., M. R. Dietrich, and M. A. McPeek. 2009. MicroRNAs
    and metazoan macroevolution: Insights into canalization,
    complexity, and the Cambrian explosion. BioEssays 31: 736–747.
    71b. Porter, S. M., and L. A. Riedman. 2016. Systematics of organic-walled
    microfossils from the ca. 780–740 Ma Chuar Group, Grand Canyon,
    Arizona. J. Paleont. 90: 815–853.
    71c. Porter, S. M., R. Meisterfeld, and A. H. Knoll. 2003. Vase-shaped
    microfossils from the Neoproterozoic Chuar Group, Grand Canyon:
    A classification guided by modern testate amoebae. J. Paleont. 77:
    409–429.


71. Prescott, G. W., D. R. Williams, A. Balmford, R. E. Green, and A.
    Manica. 2012. Quantitative global analysis of the role of climate and
    people in explaining late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions. Proc.
    Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109: 4527–4531.


72. Prum, R. O., and 6 others. 2015. A comprehensive phylogeny of birds
    (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing. Nature 526:
    569–573.


73. Quintero, I., and J. J. Wiens. 2013. Rates of projected climate change
    dramatically exceed past rates of climatic niche evolution. Ecol. Lett.
    16: 1095–1103.


74. Ratcliff, W. C., R. F. Denison, M. Borrello, and M. Travisano. 2012.
    Experimental evolution of multicellularity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
    109: 1595–1600.


75. Richter, D. J., and N. King. 2013. The genomic and cellular
    foundations of animal origins. Annu. Rev. Genet. 47: 509–537.
    77. Romer, A. S. 1966. Vertebrate Paleontology. University of Chicago
    Press, Chicago.
    78. Romer, A. S., and T. S. Parsons. 1986. The Vertebrate Body. Saunders
    College Publishing, Philadelphia.
    79. Ruhl, M., N. R. Bonis, G.-J. Reichart, J. A. S. Damsté, and W. M.
    Kürschner. 2011. Atmospheric carbon injection linked to End-Triassic
    mass extinction. Science 333: 430–434.
    80. Sala, O. E., and 18 others. 2000. Global biodiversity scenarios for the
    year 2100. Science 287: 1770–1774.
    81. Sepkoski, J. 1997. Biodiversity: Past, present, and future. J. Paleont. 71:
    533–539.
    82. Sereno, P. C. 1999. The evolution of dinosaurs. Science 284: 2137–
    2147.
    83. Shen, A.-Z., and 21 others. 2011. Calibrating the End-Permian mass
    extinction. Science 334: 1367–1372.
    84. Shu, D.-G., and 10 others. 2003. Head and backbone of the Early
    Cambrian vertebrate Haikouichthys. Nature 421: 526–529.
    85. Shubin, N. H., E. B. Daeschler, and F. A. Jenkins, Jr. 2006. The pectoral
    fin of Tiktaalik roseae and the origin of the tetrapod limb. Nature 440:
    764–771.
    86. Spang, A., and 9 others. 2015. Complex archaea that bridge the gap
    between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Nature 521: 173–179.
    87. Spiegelman, S. 1970. Extracellular evolution of replicating molecules.
    In F. O. Schmitt (ed.), The Neuro Sciences: A Second Study Program, pp.
    927–945. Rockefeller University Press, New York.
    88. Stanley, S. M., and L. A. Campbell. 1981. Neogene mass extinction of
    western Atlantic mollusks. Nature 293: 457–459.
    89. Stewart, W. N. 1983. Paleobotany and the Evolution of Plants.
    Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    90. Theobald, D. L. 2010. A formal test of the theory of universal
    common ancestry. Nature 465: 219–222.
    91. Thomas, C. D., and 18 others. 2004. Extinction risk from climate
    change. Nature 427: 145–148.
    92. Valentine, J. W. 2004. On the Origin of Phyla. University of Chicago
    Press, Chicago.
    93. Vermeij, G. J. 1987. Evolution and Escalation: An Ecological History of
    Life. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
    94. Vermeij, G. J., and R. K. Grosberg. 2010. The great divergence: When
    did diversity on land exceed that in the sea? Integr. Comp. Biol. 50:
    675–682.
    95. Wang, H., and 9 others. 2009. Rosid radiation and the rapid rise
    of angiosperm-dominated forests. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106:
    3853–3858.
    96. Wellman, C. H., P. L. Osterloff, and U. Mohiuddin. 2003. Fragments
    of the earliest land plants. Nature 425: 282–290.
    97. Williams, T. A., P. G. Foster, C. J. Cox, and T. M. Embley. 2013. An
    archaeal origin of eukaryotes supports only two primary domains of
    life. Nature 504: 231–236.
    98. Wilson, E. O. 1992. The Diversity of Life. Harvard University Press,
    Cambridge, MA.
    99. Woese, C. R. 2000. Interpreting the universal phylogenetic tree. Proc.
    Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 8392–8396.


76. Zimmer, C. 2009. On the origin of life on Earth. Science 323: 198–199.

CHAPTER 18

1. Avise, J. C. 2000. Phylogeography. Harvard University Press,
   Cambridge, MA.


2. Brown, J. H., and A. C. Gibson. 1983. Biogeography. Mosby, St. Louis.


3. Brown, J. H., and M. V. Lomolino. 1998. Biogeography, 2nd ed.
   Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.


4. Cook, L. G., and M. D. Crisp. 2005. Not so ancient: The extant crown
   group of Nothofagus represents a post-Gondwanan radiation. Proc. R.
   Soc. Lond. B 272: 2535–2544.

25_EVOL4E_LIT_CITED.indd 21 3/22/17 1:58 PM