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Time (h)
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
01020304050
50100150200250 50100150200250
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Time (h)
Time (h) Time (h)
Parent
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Round 2
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Round 1
Round 2
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Wild-type
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Round 2
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Cellobiose (g/l)
Cellobiose (g/l)
Ethanol (g/l)
Ethanol (g/l)
Figure 16.3 Fermentation profiles of the evolutionary rounds for the pathway libraries. (a,b) Cellobiose
consumption and ethanol production of the cellobiose utilization pathway from the promoter-based directed
evolution. The black square represents the parent pathway with no mutations in the PDC1 and ENO2 promoter.
The circles are the first round of error-prone PCR of both promoters. The triangles represent the second and final
rounds of directed evolution mutagenesis. (c,d) Cellobiose consumption and ethanol production of the
cellobiose utilization pathway from the protein-based directed evolution. The black square represents the
wild-type pathway with no mutations in the β-glucosidase and the cellodextrin transporter. The circle is the first
round of error-prone PCR of both proteins. The triangle represents the second round of directed evolution.