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developed originally for women. It has been used as the gold standard for several
PRO validation studies, which has to be viewed with concern [ 68 ].

Revised Version of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire

(FIQR)

The FIQR attempts to address the FIQ’s original limitations, such as the compli-
cated scoring and the gender bias, as well as tenderness. It is divided into three
linked sets of domains: Function, which contains nine questions; Overall impact ,
with two questions related to the overall impact of FMS on functioning and overall
symptom severity; and Symptoms , which contains ten questions, four of which are
new and relate to memory, tenderness, balance, and environmental sensitivity (i.e.,
loud noises, bright lights, odors, and cold temperatures) [ 70 ]. Scoring has been
simplifi ed, and an online tool facilitates self-administration ( http://fi qrinfo.ipage.
com/ ). The FIQR takes approximately half as long to complete as the FIQ. Problems
with translations into languages different from English and Spanish have been
pointed out in the literature [ 71 ].

Functional imaging

Dyscognition

Tenderness

Sleep Disturbance

Pain

Fatigue

Depression

Stiffness

Anxiety

CSF Biomarkers

Patient Global

Multidimensional Funcional

Fig. 7.1 Core-set measures established in OMERACT 9 for its use in clinical trials of
FMS. Modifi ed from Mease P, Arnold LM, Choy EH, Clauw DJ, Crofford LJ, Glass JM, et al.
Fibromyalgia syndrome module at OMERACT 9: domain construct. J Rheumatol, 2009;
36(10):2318–29. [ 23 ]

7 PROMs for Fibromyalgia