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EQ-5D™
EQ-5D tests domains of mobility, self-care, daily activities, pain, and anxiety/
depression. Each domain score ranges from 1 to 3, with 1 being no problems to 3
being severe problems. Patients with gout had a mean (interquartile range; IQR)
EQ-5D of 0.74 (IQR: 0.69–0.84). The proportion of gout patients with moderate to
severe problems on all the EQ-5D domains was higher than the general population.
The individual domain proportions in gout patients with moderate/ severe were 66 %
for mobility, 24 % for self-care, 49 % for daily activity, 76 % for pain, and 18 % for
anxiety/depression [ 21 ].
SF-6D
SF-6D is derived from SF-36 domains such as physical function, role limitations,
social function, pain, mental health, and vitality. The SF-6D scores range from 0.29
to 1.00, with 1.00 corresponding to perfect health [ 44 ]. The mean value for SF-6D
was 0.67 (0.59–0.81) in patients with gout [ 21 ]. This score is lower than the nation-
ally representative sample of the US non-institutionalized civilian population,
where the score was 0.80.
Applicability of PROMs in Research and Clinical Practice
PROMs have a wide range of applicability. PROMs are a valuable tool for evaluat-
ing patient-perceived benefi ts to key stakeholders. PROMs provide a meaningful
way of assessing the disease condition and are likely to be just as applicable to clini-
cians as gout researchers. PROMs are particularly useful in gout wherein a key goal
of clinical management is amelioration of symptoms and improvement of patients’
quality of life.
PROMs in Research
PROMs provide important information about treatment effects and can help distin-
guish effi cacy of various treatments. Depending on the differences in the mecha-
nism of action, treatments can impact the PROMs differently. Regulatory authorities
have mandated provision of patient-reported data in product development guide-
lines for use of PROMs for inclusion of PROMs in label of the approval of new
drugs [ 61 ].
J. Singh and N. Shah