440
- Ventura-Ríos L, Navarro-Compan V, Aliste M, Linares MA, Areny R, Audisio M, et al. Is
entheses ultrasound reliable? A reading Latin American exercise. Clin Rheumatol 2015.
s10067-015-3007-x. - Mandl P, Navarro-Compan V, Terslev L, Aegerter P, van der Heijde D, D’Agostino MA, et al.
EULAR recommendations for the use of imaging in the diagnosis and management of spondy-
loarthritis in clinical practice. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015;74(7):1327–39. - Balint PV, Kane D, Wilson H, McInnes IB, Sturrock RD. Ultrasonography of entheseal inser-
tions in the lower limb in spondyloarthropathy. Ann Rheum Dis. 2002;61(10):905–10. - Alcalde M, Acebes JC, Cruz M, González-Hombrado L, Herrero-Beaumont G, Sánchez-
Pernaute O. A sonographic enthesitic index of lower limbs is a valuable tool in the assessment
of ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66(8):1015–9. - D’Agostino MA, Aegerter P, Bechara K, Salliot C, Judet O, Chimenti MS, et al. How to diag-
nose spondyloarthritis early? Accuracy of peripheral enthesitis detection by power Doppler
ultrasonography. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70(8):1433–40. - Eder L, Barzilai M, Peled N, Gladman DD, Zisman D. The use of ultrasound for the assess-
ment of enthesitis in patients with spondyloarthritis. Clin Radiol. 2013;68(3):219–23. - Tan AL, Grainger AJ, Tanner SF, Shelley DM, Pease C, Emery P, et al. High-resolution mag-
netic resonance imaging for the assessment of hand osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum.
2005;52(8):2355–65. - Benjamin M, McGonagle D. Histopathologic changes at “synovio-entheseal complexes” sug-
gesting a novel mechanism for synovitis in osteoarthritis and spondylarthritis. Arthritis Rheum.
2007;56(11):3601–9. - McGonagle D, Tan AL, Døhn UM, Østergaard M, Benjamin M. Microanatomic studies to
defi ne predictive factors for the topography of periarticular erosion formation in infl ammatory
arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60(4):1042–51. - El Miedany Y, Youssef S, Mehanna AN, El Gaafary M. Development of a scoring system for
assessment of outcome of early undifferentiated infl ammatory synovitis. Joint Bone Spine.
2008;75(2):155–62. - El Miedany YE, Gaafary ME, Ahmed I, Youssef S, Nasr A. US guided treat-to-target approach
in early RA: implications for uncoupling of disease activity and structural joint damage. Curr
Rheumatol Rev. 2015;11(1):18–27. - Felson DT, Anderson JJ, Boers A, et al. The American College of Rheumatology preliminary
core set of disease activity measures for rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials. Arthritis Rheum.
1993;36:729–40. - Russak SM, Croft JD, Furst D, et al. The use of rheumatoid arthritis health-related quality of
life patient questionnaires in clinical practice: lessons learned. Arthritis Care Res. 2003;
49:574–84. - Pincus T, Strand V, Koch G, et al. A n index of the three core data set patient questionnaire
measures distinguishes effi cacy of active treatment from placebo as effectively as the American
College of Rheumatology 20% response criteria (ACR20) or the disease activity score (DAS)
in a rheumatoid arthritis clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2003;48:625–30. - Pincus T, Sokka T, Kava N. Quantitative documentation of benefi t/risk of new therapies for
rheumatoid arthritis: patient questionnaires as an optimal measure in standard care. Clin Exp
Rheumatol. 2004;22 Suppl 35:S26–33. - Wolfe F. Which HAQ is best? A comparison of the HAQ, MHAQ and RA-HAQ, a diffi cult 8
item HAQ/DHAQ, and a rescored 20 item HAQ (HAQ20): analyses in 2491 rheumatoid arthri-
tis patients following lefl unomide initiation. J Rheumatol 2001;28:982–9. - Wakefi eld RJ, Green MJ, Marzo-Ortega H, et al. Should oligoarthritis be reclassifi ed?
Ultrasound reveals a high prevalence of subclinical disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004;63:382–5. - Salaffi F, Fillippucci E, Carrotti E, et al. Inter-observer agreement of standard joint counts in
early rheumatoid arthritis: a comparison with grey scale ultrasonography—a preliminary
study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2008;47:54–8. - Dopazo Gonzalez N, Ten Cate DF, SwenN WA, et al. The most reliable position in the ultraso-
nographic examination of the wrist in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol.
2012;30:566–9.
J. Uson and Y. El Miedany