Clinical_Rounds_in_Endocrinology_Volume_II_-_Pediatric_Endocrinology

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a boy is 157 cm and mean adult height of the population is 177 cm for males

(50th percentile in CDC growth chart), there is a difference of 20 cm between

MPH and mean adult height of the population. An individual can correct 20 %

of this difference because of the phenomenon of regression to the mean.

Therefore, target height (TH) is calculated as follows:

TH MPHmean adultheightof thepopulationMPH

So,his t

=+()− ×20%

aargetheightis ie cm cm

of t

157 177 157 20 157 4 161

95

+−()× %.. +=

%hheindividuals willfall within 10 cmof theirtargetheight

23. How to predict the final adult height of a child?

The final adult height of children at a particular chronological age can be pre-

dicted by doubling the height attained at the age of 2 years, by calculating target

height, and by the degree of skeletal maturation (bone age) in relation to chron-

ological age (Bayley and Pinneau method).

24. What is growth chart?

Growth chart is a tool to assess the adequacy of growth of a child in reference

to healthy children. They are prepared from anthropometric data obtained from

large population-based studies. Growth charts for height, weight, body mass

index, and head circumference are commonly available and can be longitudinal

or cross-sectional. The age of the child is plotted on X-axis of the growth chart,

while anthropometric parameter (e.g., height, weight) on the Y-axis. Most

growth charts have seven percentile lines: 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th

percentiles. In addition to standard growth charts, syndrome- specific growth

charts are available to define growth pattern in various disorders like Turner,

achondroplasia, and Down syndrome.

25. What is the difference between “growth standard chart” and “growth reference
    chart?”
    The “growth standard charts” are prescriptive and depict the growth pattern of
    healthy children who live in ideal conditions for optimal growth (exclusive
    breastfeeding for initial 4 months, adequate nutrition, favorable psychosocial
    environment, and good living conditions). These charts represent how children
    should be growing in an ideal scenario. In comparison, the “growth reference
    chart” is descriptive and denotes the growth pattern of apparently healthy chil-
    dren in a particular place and time. These charts represent how children are
    growing in real life (not necessarily in ideal conditions) and provide an oppor-
    tunity to assess the secular trends of growth in a population.


26. What are the types of growth charts?

Growth charts are of two types: cross-sectional and longitudinal. The “cross-

sectional growth charts” are constructed by estimation of anthropometric

1 Disorders of Growth and Development: Clinical Perspectives