Constitutionalism in Asia in the Early Twenty-First Century

(Greg DeLong) #1

plant has neither been completed nor even put into operation. Meanwhile, the


Fukushima nuclear disaster triggered by a potent earthquake with a magnitude 7. 1


and the ensuing tsunami on March 11 , 2011 in Japan has significantly changed the


perceptions of the Taiwanese people on the safety of nuclear power plants. Taiwan,


like Japan, is located at the intersection of the Philippines Sea Plate and the


Eurasian Plate, prone to earthquakes. More and more people expressed concern


and began to oppose the fourth nuclear power plant. On March 9 , 2013 , about two


hundred thousand people, including those who had never been outspoken on this


issue, staged street protests island-wide against the completion of the fourth nuclear


power plant. In responding to this unprecedented popular opposition, the KMT


government – although in the past strongly against the use of public referenda on


the construction of the fourth nuclear power plant – is now proposing to put forward


a popular vote on whether to complete and operate the fourth nuclear power plant.


J.Y. Interpretation No 632 is another example of strategic avoidance by the


Constitutional Court. The partisan confrontation between the KMT legislative


majority and the DPP government was exacerbated as President Chen entered his


second term in 2004. The most serious legislative boycott took place during the


confirmation of the Control Yuan commissioners, functional equivalents to


modern-day ombudsmen. According to the Constitution, commissioners are


appointed by the president with legislative confirmation. Yet it is not clear whether


the president or the Legislative Yuan is vested with the primary decision-making


power regarding the nomination. The KMT legislative majority argued that, based


upon the parliamentary system, President Chen must consult with legislators on the


list of nominees prior to nomination. But the DPP government opposed such


consultation, contending that, due to the presidential system, the president enjoyed


the power of nomination alone while the Legislative Yuan was provided with the


power of confirmation.


As the third term of the Control Yuan commissioners expired at the end of January


2005 , President Chen submitted a list of nominees for legislative confirmation by the


end of 2004. However, the KMT legislative majority blocked it from entering floor


discussion for an entire year. In February 2005 , a newly elected legislature, where the


KMT still enjoyed a majority, was inaugurated. President Chen submitted the list


again, but the KMT continued the boycott for another three years. At the request of


the DPP legislators, the Constitutional Court rendered J.Y. Interpretation No 632 in


August 2007. Again, without deciding on the question which institution – the


president or Legislative Yuan – was the primary decision-maker, the court simply


stated that the Legislative Yuan must exercise the consent power in a timely manner


to maintain the constitutional functions of the Control Yuan and directed the issue


to be resolved appropriately in accordance with its decision.
21
Regrettably,


(^21) J.Y. Interpretation No 632 ( 2007 ), available atwww.judicial.gov.tw/constitutionalcourt/EN/
p 03 _ 01 .asp?expno= 632.


A decade of changing constitutionalism in Taiwan 147

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