consider the different types and locations of universities, there still might be some
gaps. Therefore, for a particular university, it should have a specific plan for itself,
and improve the research efficiency by obeying the objective rules of research
productions.
7.1.4 Productivity Changes of Research Efficiency in 211Us....
7.1.4.1 NEAM Disciplines
Total factor productivities, indicated by TFP index of NEAM disciplines in 211Us
grow steadily in this phase, and most of growth can be attributed to technical
progress indicated by TC index. However, technical efficiency, indicated by TEC
index, has been the weakness of research productivities in the NEAM research
production of 211Us, and more attention should be paid to the poor status of SE.
The research productivities of NEAM disciplines in both 985Us and non-985Us
increase steadily in this phase, and the latter outperforms the former. The strong
growth effect is the biggest factor for the productivity improvement in non-985Us,
and a continuous decline of scale efficiency has become the main factor of impeding
the improvement of research efficiency in 985Us.
Among eastern, central and western 211Us, as well as JUs, HSZUs and OUs,
there are considerable differences on the changes of TFP and its decomposition. In
spite of improvements in most groups, the growth rates of central 211Us and
HSZUs are the most prominent. What prevalent across most groups is that, most of
improvements are attributed to the growth effect indicated by technical progress (or
TC). Consequently, the gaps between different groups are mainly from the gaps on
TE. Compared with other groups, HSZUs show outstanding performance in PTEC
index, and central 211Us show outstanding performance in SEC index. These all
contribute to their better performances of TFP changes in 2006–2010.
7.1.4.2 HSS Disciplines
TFP indexes of HSS research in 211Us are in the periodically growing trend. The
growths of TFP indexes are mainly relied on TC indexes, but negative impact of TC
indexes on TFP indexes is not ignorable. During 2006–2010, TEC indexes in most
211Us are on the downtrend, and the substantial decline of PTEC indexes is the
major cause.
To 985Us and non-985Us disciplines, their research productivities don’t perform
so good, and the research productivities of non-985Us are even in the downtrend.
Although the primary approach for 985Us and non-985Us to improve their TFP is
still the growth effect obtained by technical change, the pronounced declines of
PTEC indexes trap both 985Us and non-985Us into tough time.
296 7 Concluding Remarks and Policy Implications