Tissue Engineering And Nanotheranostics

“9.61x6.69” b2815 Tissue Engineering and Nanotheranostics

Plasmonic Nanoparticles Application in Biosensor and Bioimaging 179

Immunolabeled nanoparticles are nanoparticles with one or more

antibodies on their surface for recognizing specific targets. El­Sayed’s

et al. chose non­malignant epithelial cell line (HaCaT) and two malig­

nant oral epithelial cell line (HOC 313 clone 8 and HSC 3) as model

cells, they incubated them with monoclonal antiepidermal growth

factor receptor (anti­EGFR) antibodies modified AuNPs, then

recorded SPR scattering images and SPR absorption spectra of the

cells.^149 Compared with AuNPs control, anti­EGFR antibody modi­

fied AuNPs specifically and homogeneously bind to the surface of

cancer cells. Furthermore, Wax et al. used anti­EGFR antibody modi­

fied AuNPs to quantify the EGFR expression in different cell lines

with DFM.^5 They demonstrate that this method perform fluorescence

assays in quantitatively measuring EGFR expression in vitro, providing

the information of local refractive index through their scattering spec­

tra. Following that, Reinhard’s et al. worked onto investigate immu­

nolabeled nanoparticles.150–152 They designed a secondary antibody

labeling strategy that amplifies the number of binding sites per EGFR

on the cell surface and introduces additional structure flexibility in the

attachment chemistry. The quantitatively obtained experimental rela­

tionship between the scattering peak wavelength measured by DFM

and the immunolabel density on the cell surface was recorded by

SEM. They applied this method to monitor the size and dynamics of

ErbB1­enriched membrane domains, quantify differential ErbB1 and

ERbB2 cell surface expression and analyze spatial nanoclustering of

the lateral organization of Cell­Surface CD24 and CD44.

As noted, AuNPs, nanorods, and nanoshells with unique proper­

ties have shown great potential in anticancer treatment. A vast amount

of work studying the effect of AuNPs on the cells have been done.153–^157

In order to selectively transport the AuNPs into the cancer cell

nucleus, El­Sayed et al.153,158 chose RN AuNPs as research model, RN

AuNPs stand for AuNPs bioconjugated with an arginine–glycine–

aspartic acid peptide (RGD) and a nuclear localization signal (NLS)

peptide. With the help of DFM, cytokinesis arrest was observed in

real time. They found that nanomaterials in the cell nucleus could

specifically affect the cellular function, and 0.4 nM RN AuNPs could

affect the extending of cytoplasmic bridge, and then leads to cell