227- Maran NJ, Glavin RJ. Low- to high fidelity simulation: a continuum of medical education?
Med Educ. 2003;37:22–8. - Berg DA, Milner RE, Fischer CA, et al. A cost-effective approach to establishing a surgical
skills laboratory. Surgery. 2007;143(5):712–21. - Sanfey H, Dunnington G. Verification of proficiency: a prerequisite for clinical experience.
Surg Clin North Am. 2010;90(3):559–67. - Catania A. Learning. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall; 1984.
- Kim MJ, Boehler ML, Ketchum JK, Bueno R Jr, Williams RG, Dunnington GL. Skills coaches
as part of the educational team: a randomized controlled trial of teaching of a basic surgical
skill in the laboratory setting. Am J Surg. 2010;199(1):94–8. - Rogers DA, Regehr G, MacDonald J. A role for error training in surgical technical skill
instruction and evaluation. Am J Surg. 2002;183(3):242–5. - Sanfey H, Ketchum J, Bartlett J, Markwell S, Meier AH, Williams R, Dunnington G. Verification
of proficiency in basic skills for postgraduate year 1 residents. Surgery. 2010;148(4):759–66. - Martin JA, Regehr G, Reznick R, et al. Objective structured assessment of technical skill
(OSATS) for surgical residents. Br J Surg. 1997;84(2):273–8. - Beard JD. Setting standards for the assessment of operative competence. Eur J Vasc Endovasc
Surg. 2005;30:215–8. - Driscoll PJ, Paisley AM, Patterson-Brown S. Video assessment of basic surgical trainees’
operative skills. Am J Surg. 2008;196:265–72. - Hertel J, Millis B. Using simulations to promote learning in higher education: an introduction.
Sterling: Stylus Publishing; 2002. - Gawande AA, Zinner MJ, Studdert DM, et al. Analysis of errors reported by surgeons at three
teaching hospitals. Surgery. 2003;133:614–21. - Lyss-Lerman P, Teherani A, Aagaard E, et al. What training is needed in the fourth year of
medical school? Views of residency program directors. Acad Med. 2009;84:823–9. - Willis RE, Peterson RM, Dent DL. Usefulness of the American College of Surgeons’ funda-
mentals of surgery curriculum as a knowledge preparatory tool for incoming surgery interns.
Am J Surg. 2013;205:131–6. - Zeng W, Woodhouse J, Brunt M. Do preclinical background and clerkship experiences impact
skills performance in an accelerated internship preparation course for senior medical students?
Surgery. 2010;148:768–77. - Okusanya OT, Kornfield ZN, Reinke CE, et al. The effect and durability of a pregraduation
boot camp on the confidence of senior medical student entering surgical residencies. J Surg
Educ. 2012;69:536–43. - Seropian MA. General concepts in full scale simulation: getting started. Anesth Analg.
2003;97:1695–705. - Haluck RS, Satava RM, Fried G, et al. Establishing a simulation center for surgical skills: what
to do and how to do it. Surg Endosc. 2007;21:1223–32. - Alinier G, Hunt B, Harwood C. Development of a new multi-professional clinical simulation
centre at the University of Hertfordshire. Simul Healthc. 2006;1:198. - Strachan A. What shall we do with our simulation centre? Simul Healthc. 2006;1:188.
- Bonrath EM, Dedy NK, Gordon LE, Grantcharov TP. Comprehensive surgical coach-
ing enhances surgical skill in the operating room. A randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg.
2015;262:205–12. - Roberts NK, Williams RG, Kim MJ, Dunnington GL. The briefing, intraoperative teaching,
debriefing model for teaching in the operating room. J Am Coll Surg. 2009;208:299–303. - Sandhu G, Teman NR, Minter RM. Training autonomous surgeons: more time or faculty
development? Ann Surg. 2015;261:843–5. - Singh P, Aggarwal R, Tahir M, Pucher PH, Darzi A. A randomized controlled study to evaluate
the role of video-based coaching in training laparoscopic skills. Ann Surg. 2015;261:862–9. - Williams RG, Verhulst S, Colliver JA, et al. A template for reliable assessment of resident
operative performance: assessment intervals, numbers of observations and raters. Surgery.
2012;152:517–27.
12 Role of the Surgeon Educator in Leading Surgical Skills Center Development