412
- Armon G, Melamed S, Shirom A, Shapira I. Elevated burnout predicts the onset of musculo-
skeletal pain among apparently healthy employees. J Occup Health Psychol. 2010;15(4):399–
408. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020726. - Berguer R, Rab GT, Abu-Ghaida H, Alarcon A, Chung J. A comparison of surgeons’ posture
during laparoscopic and open surgical procedures. Surg Endosc. 1997;11(2):139–42. - Berguer R, Smith WD, Chung YH. Performing laparoscopic surgery is significantly more
stressful for the surgeon than open surgery. Surg Endosc. 2001;15(10):1204–7. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s004640080030. - Wang R, Liang Z, Zihni AM, Ray S, Awad MM. Which causes more ergonomic
stress: laparoscopic or open surgery? Surg Endosc. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s00464-016-5360-5. - Kant IJ, de Jong LC, van Rijssen-Moll M, Borm PJ. A survey of static and dynamic work
postures of operating room staff. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1992;63(6):423–8. - Kelsey JL, Githens PB, White AA 3rd, Holford TR, Walter SD, O’Connor T, et al. An epide-
miologic study of lifting and twisting on the job and risk for acute prolapsed lumbar interver-
tebral disc. J Orthop Res. 1984;2(1):61–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.1100020110. - Ng JK, Richardson CA, Parnianpour M, Kippers V. EMG activity of trunk muscles and
torque output during isometric axial rotation exertion: a comparison between back pain
patients and matched controls. J Orthop Res. 2002;20(1):112–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S0736-0266(01)00067-5. - Szeto GP, Cheng SW, Poon JT, Ting AC, Tsang RC, Ho P. Surgeons’ static posture and move-
ment repetitions in open and laparoscopic surgery. J Surg Res. 2012;172(1):e19–31. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2011.08.004. - McGill SM, Hughson RL, Parks K. Lumbar erector spinae oxygenation during prolonged
contractions: implications for prolonged work. Ergonomics. 2000;43(4):486–93. https://doi.
org/10.1080/001401300184369. - Nguyen NT, Ho HS, Smith WD, Philipps C, Lewis C, De Vera RM, et al. An ergonomic
evaluation of surgeons’ axial skeletal and upper extremity movements during laparoscopic
and open surgery. Am J Surg. 2001;182(6):720–4. - Uhrich ML, Underwood RA, Standeven JW, Soper NJ, Engsberg JR. Assessment of fatigue,
monitor placement, and surgical experience during simulated laparoscopic surgery. Surg
Endosc. 2002;16(4):635–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-001-8151-5. - Berguer R, Forkey DL, Smith WD. The effect of laparoscopic instrument working angle
on surgeons’ upper extremity workload. Surg Endosc. 2001;15(9):1027–9. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s00464-001-0019-1. - Boppart SA, Deutsch TF, Rattner DW. Optical imaging technology in minimally invasive
surgery. Current status and future directions. Surg Endosc. 1999;13(7):718–22. - Elfering A, Grebner S, Gerber H, Semmer NK. Workplace observation of work stressors,
catecholamines and musculoskeletal pain among male employees. Scand J Work Environ
Health. 2008;34(5):337–44. - Albayrak K, Meijer B. Current state of ergonomics of operating rooms of Dutch hospitals
in the endoscopic era. Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol. 2004;13(3):156–60. https://doi.
org/10.1080/13645700410034093. - Kranenburg G. Ergonomic problems encountered during video-assisted thoracic surgery. Minim
Invasive Ther Allied Technol. 2004;13(3):147–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645700410033661. - Reyes DA, Tang B, Cuschieri A. Minimal access surgery (MAS)-related surgeon morbidity
syndromes. Surg Endosc. 2006;20(1):1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-005-0315-2. - Ballantyne GH. The pitfalls of laparoscopic surgery: challenges for robotics and telerobotic
surgery. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2002;12(1):1–5. - Sánchez-Margallo F, Sánchez-Margallo J. Ergonomics in laparoscopic surgery. In: Malik
AM, editor. Laparoscopic surgery: InTech; 2017. - Yu D, Dural C, Morrow MM, Yang L, Collins JW, Hallbeck S, et al. Intraoperative workload
in robotic surgery assessed by wearable motion tracking sensors and questionnaires. Surg
Endosc. 2017;31(2):877–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-016-5047-y.
C. Ronstrom et al.