Chimpanzees of the Budongo Forest : Ecology, Behaviour, and Conservation

scores and their linear distribution. These were the ‘political’ animals, the rivals among
whom competition for rank was greatest. The remaining six males of the intermediate
group appeared to be less interested in achieving higher status and were less competitive
during the period under study.
Aggressive behaviour is not common at Sonso. In 2001, only 28 instances of
aggression were recorded in the course of project data collection. The highest scoring
actors were Nick (5 instances), Duane (4), Zefa (3) and Maani (2). The most frequent
recipients of aggression were the adult male Tinka (3), the subadult female Gonza (3),
and the adult female Kwera (3). The aggression in all these cases consisted of threatening

Status 125

Table 6.3: The males of the Sonso community in mid-1995,

together with their status (from Newton-Fisher 1997).

Name Code Rank

Duane DN 1

Vernon VN 2

Black BK 3

Magosi MG 4

Maani MA 5

Chris CH 6

Jambo JM 7

Bwoya BY 8

Kikunku KK 9

Nkojo NJ 10

Muga MU 11

Zefa ZF 12

Tinka TK 12

Zesta ZT 14

Andy AY 15

–1.5

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Dominance value (subordinates)

1.0

1.2

–1.0–0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

Status (cardinal rank)

1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

VN DN

MG

MA BK

JM

NJ

ZTZF & TK

AY

KK BY CH

MU

Fig. 6.6: Cardinal rank vs. status from pant-grunts for Sonso males (from Newton-Fisher 1997).