articles (Moreno-Casbas, 2011; Polit & Beck, 2016). The authors suggest that
there are no perfect studies, and nurses would be wise to consider research
findings as they engage in EBP.
- Which of the following described the use of research by RNs?
a. Stetler model
b. Iowa model
c. CURN
d. Institute of Medicine Report - Which of the following are ANA Nursing Quality Indicators? (Select all that apply.)
a. Pressure injury prevalence
b. Patient satisfaction with pain management
c. Staffing and workforce indicators
d. Ventilator-associated pneumonia
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE 16-1
How did you do? 1. c; 2. a, c, d16.2 Creating Change
The key to transitioning evidence to practice is to reframe thinking about
organizational culture, knowledge about research, attitudes about research,
and skills in using research. Change is at the heart of reframing our thinking
to make decisions about EBP.
What Is Change?
Change is a process that creates an alteration in a person or the environment.
Fullan (2001) defined change as a “double-edged” sword (p. 1). For many
people change represents excitement and challenge, while for others change is
feared and avoided. Just as we needed to understand the barriers to research
utilization, we now need to understand how change can affect EBP. On one
At the end of this section, you will be able to:
‹ Discuss strategies for creating change to support EBP
‹ Describe strategies for engaging others in change
‹ List Kotter’s eight phases of changeKEY TERM
change: A process
that creates
an alteration
in a person or
environment16.2 Creating Change 435