National Commission for the Protection of
Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral
Research, 56
National Committee for Quality Assurance, 475t
National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators
(NDNQI)
creation of, 29
measures, 29, 29b
performance metrics, 30
National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC)
clinical practice guidelines, 414–415
nursing practice guidelines, 318–319
nursing research and EBP, 51–52
national initiatives to identify research problems, 73–74
National Institute of Mental Health, 73
National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)
national research priorities, 73
nursing research and EBP, 51–52
National Institutes of Health, 27, 73
National League for Nursing Research for Studies
Service, 25–26
national level of collaboration, 51–52
National Nursing Practice Network, 52
Nazi experiments
described, 34
respect for persons, lack of, 57–58
NDNQI. See National Database of Nursing Quality
Indicators
negative case analysis, 393b, 394
negative correlation in associative relationships, 79f
negatively skewed distribution of data, 342, 343f
nesting, in electronic databases, 114
network meta-analysis, 317
networking, 491
conferences, at, 508
posters, using, 492
neutrality, 395
NGC. See National Guideline Clearinghouse
Nightingale, Florence
EBP, principles of, 51
lifelong learning, 454
research and dissemination, 24f
theory and deductive research, 135
NINR. See National Institute of Nursing Research
NOC. See nursing outcomes classification
nominal level of measurement, 260, 261, 261t
nondirectional hypotheses
defined, 80
vs. directional hypotheses, 80
research question, example for, 81t
nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest
designs, 178t, 177–178
nonequivalent-groups posttest-only design,
179–180, 178t
nonexperimental designs, 180–185, 185f
correlational designs, 183–185, 185f
defined, 182
descriptive designs, 181–182
general categories of, 181
purposes of, 150, 181
nonparametric tests, 363
nonprobability sampling methods convenience
sampling, 295, 296t
overview, 295, 296t
purposive sampling, 296t, 297–298
quota sampling, 296t, 297
theoretical sampling, 296t, 298
nonpropositional knowledge, defined, 310
nonsignificant probability, 355
normal distribution of data
defined, 362, 363
Rule of 68-95-99.7, 348
Notes on Nursing: What It Is, and What It Is Not
(Nightingale), 24
null hypotheses
defined, 80–81
research question, example for, 81t
type I and type II errors, 357–360, 358t
vs. research hypotheses, 80–81
number in sample, 332t
number in subsample, symbol for, 332t
numbers for quantitative data, collecting
observation, 258
overview of, 255–256, 256t
physiological, 259–260
questionnaires, 256–258
scales, 256t, 258–259, 259f
Nuremberg Code
articles of, 56b
defined, 34
guidelines for ethical research, 55
nurse executives, and EBP performance criteria,
45–46, 46b
Nurse in Research: ANA Guidelines on Ethical Values,
The (ANA), 55
nurse managers, and EBP performance criteria,
45, 49
nurses’ belief systems, as barriers to connecting
research and practice, 434–435
Nursing Best Practice Guidelines Program, 318
INDEX 543