- IDENTIFICATION OF PHYTOMORPHS IN THE VOYNICH CODEX 57
(b)(a)Fig. 1.55. Viola bicolor: (a) fol. 9v; (b) flowers and leaves of V. bicolor (Courtesy of Daniel
Reed).
to Arizona, with a center of diversity in eastern Texas (Shinners 1961;
Russell 1965).
The delineation ofV. bicoloras native to North America and not intro-
duced from elsewhere was only first fully elucidated by Shinners in
- Prior to 1961,V. bicolorwas considered doubtfully native and
also classified as a variety of the EurasianV. kitaibelianaSchult. [var.
rafinesquii(Greene) Fernald] and often confused withV. tricolorand
V. arvensisMurray (Fernald 1938). The North American V. bicolor,
besides being seasonally dimorphic with fertile and cleistogamous