Lewis, W.J. and Takasu, K. (1990) Use of learned odours by a parasitic wasp in accordance with host and
food needs. Nature348, 635–636.
Limburg, D.D. and Rosenheim, J.A. (2001) Extrafloral nectar consumption and its influence on survival
and development of an omnivorous predator, larval Chrysoperla plorabunda (Neuroptera:
Chrysopidae). Environmental Entomology30, 595–604.
Lingren, P.D. and Lukefahr, M.J. (1977) Effects of nectariless cotton on caged populations of Campoletis
sonorensis. Environmental Entomology6, 586–588.
Lunau, K. and Wacht, S. (1994) Optical releasers of the innate proboscis extension in the hoverfly Eristalis
tenaxL. (Syrphidae, Diptera). Journal of Comparative Physiology A174, 575–579.
Mittler, T.E. and Meikle, T. (1991) Effects of dietary sucrose concentration on aphid honeydew carbohy-
drate levels and rates of excretion. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata59, 1–7.
Morales-Ramos, J.A., Rojas, M.G. and King, E.G. (1996) Significance of adult nutrition and oviposition
experience on longevity and attainment of full fecundity of Catolaccus grandis(Hymenoptera:
Pteromalidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America89, 555–563.
O’Dowd, D.J. and Catchpole, E.A. (1983) Ants and extrafloral nectaries: no evidence for plant protection
in Helichrysumspp.–ant interactions. Oecologia59, 191–200.
Oliveira, P.S. (1997) The ecological function of extrafloral nectaries: herbivore deterrence by visiting ants
and reproductive output in Caryocar brasiliense(Caryocaraceae). Functional Ecology11, 323–330.
Olson, D.L. and Nechols, J.R. (1995) Effects of squash leaf trichome exudates and honey on adult feeding,
survival, and fecundity of the squash bug (Heteroptera: Coreidae) egg parasitoid Gryon pennsylvan-
icum(Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). Environmental Entomology24, 454–458.
Percival, M.S. (1961) Types of nectar in angiosperms. New Phytologist60, 235–281.
Porter, S.D. (1989) Effects of diet on the growth of laboratory fire ant colonies (Hymenoptera:
Formicidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society62, 288–291.
Rico-Gray, V. and Thien, L.B. (1989) Effect of different ant species on reproductive fitness of Schomburgkia
tibicinis(Orchidaceae). Oecologia81, 487–489.
Rivero, A. and Casas, J. (1999) Incorporating physiology into parasitoid behavioral ecology: the alloca-
tion of nutritional resources. Researches in Population Ecology41, 39–45.
Rosenheim, J.A. and Rosen, D. (1992) Influence of egg load and host size on host feeding behavior of the
parasitoid Aphytis lingnanensis. Ecological Entomology17, 263–272.
Ruhren, S. and Handel, S. (1999) Jumping spiders (Salticidae) enhance the seed production of a plant
with extrafloral nectaries. Oecologia119, 227–230.
Schmale, I., Wäckers, F.L., Cardona, C. and Dorn, S. (2001) Control potential of three hymenopteran para-
sitoid species against the bean weevil in stored beans: the effect of adult parasitoid nutrition on
longevity and progeny production. Biological Control21, 134–139.
Smith, L.L., Lanza, J. and Smith, G.C. (1990) Amino acid concentrations in extrafloral nectar of Impatiens
sultaniincrease after simulated herbivory. Ecology71, 107–115.
Stadler, B. and Dixon, A.F.G. (1999) Ant attendance in aphids: why different degrees of myrmecophily?
Ecological Entomology24, 363–369.
Stapel, J.O., Cortesero, A.M., De Moraes, C.M., Tumlinson, J.H. and Lewis, W.J. (1997) Extrafloral nectar,
honeydew and sucrose effects on searching behavior and efficiency of Microplitis croceipes
(Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in cotton. Environmental Entomology26, 617–623.
Steinbauer, M.J. (1996) A note on manna feeding by ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of Natural
History30, 1185–1192.
Syme, P.D. (1975) The effect of flowers on the longevity and fecundity of two native parasites of the
European pine shoot moth in Ontario. Environmental Entomologist4, 337–346.
Takasu, K. and Lewis, W.J. (1995) Importance of adult food sources to host searching of the larval para-
sitoid Microplitis croceipes. Biological Control5, 25–30.
Takeda, S., Kinomura, K. and Sakurai, H. (1982) Short communications. Effects of ant-attendance on the
honeydew excretion and larviposition of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivoraKoch. Applied
Entomology and Zoology17, 133–135.
Tanowitz, B.D. and Koehler, D.L. (1986) Carbohydrate analysis of floral and extrafloral nectars in selected
taxa of Sansivieria(Agavaceae).Annals of Botany58, 541.
Telenga, N.A. (1958) Biological methods of pest control in crops and forest plants in the USSR. Proceedings
of the Ninth International Conference on Quarantine and Plant Protection. Moscow, pp. 1–15.
Tinti, J.M. and Nofre, C. (2001) Response of the ant Lasius nigerto various compounds perceived as sweet
in humans: a structure–activity analysis. Chemical Senses26, 231–237.
70 F.L. Wäckers