2.1 Disease
Database
Disease Ontology (http://disease-ontology.org)[27] is an open
database of the integration of biomedical data related with human
diseases which is hosted at the Institute for Genome Sciences at the
University Of Maryland School Of Medicine. It contains 8043
inherited, developmental, and acquired human diseases and aims
to design to link disparate datasets through disease concepts.
Medical Subject Headings (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
mesh) is a comprehensive controlled vocabulary thesaurus used
for indexing articles in the life sciences. There are 27,883 descrip-
tors and over 87,000 entry terms that are arranged in a
hierarchy tree.
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) [28]isan
online knowledgebase of human genes and genetic disorders,
which is maintained by McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic
Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Up to
May 26th, 2017, there are 24,065 entries: 15,598 for gene descrip-
tion, 78 for the combination of genes and phenotypes, 5002 for
molecular basis known phenotype description, 1602 for molecular
basis unknown phenotype description, and 1785 for phenotypes
with suspected Mendelian basis.
The Genetic Association Database (GAD) [29] is a compre-
hensive database of genetic association data from complex diseases
and disorders. There are 5526 diseases classified into 19 categories
such as cancer, aging, immune, and so on. It contains 167,130
records, out of which 82,285 records are given a description of
whether they are reported to be associated or not with the disease
phenotype for that specific record or not.Table 2
An overview of lncRNA databases
DatabaseNumber of lncRNA
entries URL Reference
LNCipedia 113,513 http://www.lncipedia.org [31]
NONCODE 527,336 http://www.bioinfo.org/noncode [32]
LncRBase 216,562 http://bicresources.jcbose.ac.in/zhumur/
lncrbase[33]lncRNAWiki 105,255 http://lncrna.big.ac.cn [34]
lncRNAdb About 300 http://www.lncrnadb.org [35]
LncRNADisease More than 1000 http://www.cuilab.cn/lncrnadisease [36]
Lnc2Cancer 666 http://www.bio-bigdata.net/lnc2cancer [37]
MNDR 807 http://www.rna-society.org/mndr [38]208 Wei Lan et al.