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347

Table 2

Natural resources and land use in South Asia

Country

Afghanistan

Bangladesh

Bhutan

India

Maldives

Nepal

Pakistan

Sri Lanka

Agricultural land (% of land area)

58.1

70.1

13.6

60.5

23.3

28.8

35.2

43.5

Rainfed land (% of agricultural land)

94

45

94

63

• 
  

72

26

80

Forest (% of land area)

2.1

11.1

85.5

23.1

3

25.4

2.1

29.4

Average precipitation (mm) per year

327

2666

2200

1083

1972

1500

494

1712

Natural hazards

Earthquakes, floods, droughts

Droughts, cyclones, floods

Violent storms, landslides during rainy season

Droughts, floods, severe thunderstorms, earthquakes

Tsunami, rising sea level

Severe thunderstorms, floods, landslides, drought

Earthquakes, floods

Occasional cyclones and tornadoes

Per capita total renewable water resources (m

3 )

2006

7262

105133

1527

• 
  

6662

1240

2394

Electricity production per capita (kWh)

26

251

10176

779

674

109

451

535

Crude oil production bbl/day/million people

60

25

0

607

0

0

299

0

Source: Central Intelligence Agency (

2015

)

Note: Reference year ranges from 2011–2013 except for rainfed land (2003–2011)bbl

billion barrels,

kWh

kilo watt hour

Dryland Agriculture in South Asia: Experiences, Challenges and Opportunities