558
Under average of both irrigation treatments, bread wheat cv. Ain Abid, ARZ,
HD1220, Maaouna and ANZA produced 3.8, 3.7, 3.5, 3.3 and 2.9 t ha−^1 yields,
respectively. Under rainfed conditions, HD1220, ANZA and Maaouna had higher
yields than Ain Abid and ARZ. Average seasonal water consumption was 358.7
mm, and water productivity (WP) was 0.87 kg m−^3. Ain Abid and ANZA were most
water-efficient with values of 1.04 and 1.03 kg m−^3 , respectively. For the same crop
water consumption, other cultivars produced lower yields leading to lower water
productivity values. Similarly, irrigation induced significant differences in durum
wheat grain yield. The average yields were 2.4 and 3.3 t ha−^1 for irrigated treat-
ments. Compared to bread wheat, the extent of yield improvement over rainfed
treatment was significantly greater in durum wheat. Irrigation water beyond 50 % SI
did not produce any significant differences in yield for any bread or durum wheat
cultivar. In general, crop water consumption varied from 307 mm (rainfed) to
363/404.6 mm (50 % SI/100 % SI). Water productivity ranged from 0.22 kg m−^3 for
rainfed to 0.82 kg m−^3 for 100 % SI and 0.93 kg m−^3 for 50 % SI.
2.6 Morocco
Wheat production in rainfed areas of WANA is constrained by drought and heat
stress, especially when anthesis and grain-filling periods are delayed due to late
planting. To optimize yield, early sowing and/or application of supplemental irriga-
tion are critical for good kernel set and grain filling. The objective of this joint
ICARDA–National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRA) study was to develop
options to improve the adaptation of wheat to high temperature and drought through
better management and use of available water resources. To test different soil mois-
ture and temperature regimes, four bread wheat genotypes were sown on two dates,
December 12 and January 30, in the 2012–2013 growing season, and November 19
Table 5 Wheat grain yield during the 2012–2013 growing season as affected by irrigation
treatment at Bessami Djillali pilot farm located in Khemiss Meliana in the Northwestern Algeria
Treatments Cultivar
Bousselam Ain Abid Semeto ARZ Megress
Yield (t ha−^1 )
Full 4.0 4.0 3.2 3.9 2.4
Deficit 3.9 3.4 3.7 3.4 2.1
Rainfed 1.4 1.1 1.7 1.3 1.3
Treatments Cultivar
GTA dur ANZA Amar 6 Maaouna HD1220
Yield (t ha−^1 )
Full 4.1 2.0 3.4 4.0 3.1
Deficit 3.6 3.6 3.5 2.5 3.8
Rainfed 1.5 1.8 1.3 1.4 1.7V. Nangia and T. Oweis