Species

381

Index

A

“Aberrant” concepts of species, 257–264
agamospecies, 257–258
chronospecies (successional species), 264
compilospecies, 259
conventionalism (taxonomic species concept),
261–262
microbial species, 258–259
nothospecies, 259
orthospecies, 259
OTUs and phenetics (phenospecies), 259–260
replacementism (LITUs), 261, 262–263
species concepts in paleontology
(paleospecies), 263–264
species deniers (pure “nominalism,” or
eliminativism), 260–261
Abstract objects, 299
Adanson, Michel, 88–90
Adaptationist definition, 183–186
Adaptive divergence species concept, 259
Agamospecies, 202, 257–258, 349
“Agamotaxa,” 247
Agassiz, Louis, 130–134
A l lopat r y, 194
Apomorphic species concept, 243
Aquinas, Thomas, 43–44
Aristotle, 9–16
on classification, 9–14
natural history of species, 16
tradition of the Topics, 14–16
Ark, list of beasts on, 59–60
Asexual microbial species, 317–330
branching random walks, 321–324
Core Genome Hypothesis or Genomic Island
Hypothesis, 324
phylo-phenetic species concept (polyphasic
species concept), 324–326
phylotype, 321
problem of cohesion, 319–320
Quasispecies Model, 326–330
Recombination Model, 323–324, 328
three-domain hypothesis, 318
Asyngamy, 194
Autapomorphic species, 249–251, 371

B

Bacterial species concept, 258
Bathmism, 197

Bauhin, Caspar, 64–66

Bentham, George, 145–146

Biological species concept (BSC), 220, 348

Biological taxonomy, 3

Biospecies, 305, 371

Birth of modern science, species and, 47–115

Adanson, 88–90

Buffon, 84–88

Cesalpino and Bauhin, 64–66

Charles Bonnet and the ideal morphologists,

92–96

creation account, 57

essentialism, beginning of, 101–102

essentialism, natural systems and, 102–104

folk taxonomy, 71

Fuchs and Gesner, 62–64

Great Chain of Being, 50–54

Immanuel Kant and the continuity of species,

96 –101

Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, 90–92

Linnaeus, Carl, 80–84

list of beasts on the Ark, 59–60

Locke and Leibniz (on real and nominal

essences), 70–73

logical essentialism, 101

Marsilio Ficino, 49–50

material essentialism, 101

Nehemiah Grew, 77–79

Nicholas of Cusa, 47–49

Noah’s Ark and the creation of the species

rank, 56–62

nominal essentialism, 101

origins of species fixism, 104–107

Peter Ramus and the logic of wholes and

parts, 54–56

principle of plenitude, 52

Strickland Code, 101

taxonomic essentialism, 101

Tournefort, Johannes Paulus, 79

Tree of Ramus, 54, 55

universal language project, 66–70

Wilkins and Ray (propagation from seed),

73–77

Blastogenetic species, 194

Boëthius (nature of the species in logic), 33

Bonnet, Charles (and the ideal morphologists),

92–96

Botanical view of variation, 141–142

BSC, see Biological species concept

Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, 84–88