Invasive Stink Bugs and Related Species (Pentatomoidea)

132 Invasive Stink Bugs and Related Species (Pentatomoidea)

1’ Pro-, meso- and metasterna usually, at most, with shallow sulcus not bordered with strongly

elevated sides; if a deep sulcus with strongly elevated sides present, abdominal venter with

paired striated areas (Pachycorinae: Nesogenes) .................................................................. 2

2(1) Abdominal venter with striated areas present on at least sterna V and VI (Figures 2.11C, D),

sometimes also on sterna IV .................................................................................................. 3

2’ Abdominal venter lacking striated areas ............................................................................... 4

3(2) Scent gland ostiole continued in a curved furrow situated on an indistinct, slightly elevated

ruga; penisfilum of male phallus and female spermathecal duct long and coiled; Old World

(except Europe) (Figure 2.26F) ................................................................................Hoteinae

3’ Scent gland ostiole different from above (except Ephynes); male without penisfilum, female

spermathecal duct not elongate and coiled; New World (Figures 2.26G, H) ...Pachycorinae

4(2) Body convex dorsally and ventrally (venter usually less convex than dorsum but never flat);

bases of pronotum and scutellum forming a rather continuous outline in lateral view; body

not brightly colored, usually dull brown, black, or yellowish ............................................... 5

4’ If body convex dorsally and ventrally, then dorsal outline of body distinctly emarginated

between pronotum and scutellum in lateral view (Tectocorinae, Scutellerinae: Scutellerini);

or dorsum strongly convex, venter flat (Scutellerinae: Sphaerocorini); body frequently viv-

idly colored, even metallic ..................................................................................................... 7

5(4) Head short, subsemicircular; anterolateral margins of pronotum strongly convex; scutellum

covering whole abdomen; scent gland ostioles reduced, indistinct or lacking; body with

strong, dense pilosity (Figures 2.26J, K) ......................................................Odontoscelinae

5’ Head longer, usually subtriangular or subquadrangular, but if (exceptionally) semicircular

then scutellum not covering whole abdomen; anterolateral margins of pronotum frequently

concave or straight, at most weakly convex; scent glands well developed or absent; body

usually without conspicuous pilosity ..................................................................................... 6

6(5) Scutellum relatively narrow, parallel-sided, leaving hemelytra and connexivum broadly exposed

for nearly entire length (Figure 2.26I); metathoracic scent gland ostioles well developed, pro-

vided with distinct ruga (Figure 2.4G); Widespread (Figure 2.26I) ......................Eurygastrinae

6’ Scutellum usually broader, leaving at most narrow lateral margin of hemelytra and connexi-

vum exposed (Figure 2.26L); metathoracic scent gland ostioles lost ...........Odontotarsinae

7(4) Abdominal venter of male with a pair of androconial glands on segments IV-VI (Figure

2.26E) .................................................................................................................Te c t o c o r i n a e

7’ Abdominal venter without androconial glands (Figures 2.26B-D) ..................Scutellerinae

2.2.16 Tessaratomidae Stål, 1865

Stål (1865) first recognized this as a family-group taxon. Leston (1954b) treated this group as a sub-
family  of the Pentatomidae and noted many similarities in genitalia with the Scutelleridae; he later
(1956b), without comment, elevated the tessaratomids to family status. This was accepted by Kumar
(1969a,b) and most subsequent workers (e.g., Rolston et al. 1994). Leston (1954b, 1955b) also indicated
that he had removed the Natalicolini from the Tessaratominae (now Tessaratomidae) and elevated it to
subfamily rank within the Pentatomidae (corresponding to a family level taxon in the current classifica-
tion), but it appears that the paper in which he planned to make this change never was published.
Diagnostic characters (Schuh and Slater 1995, Schwertner and Grazia 2015) of members of this fam-
ily include their medium to large size (10-40 mm); the family includes some of the largest pentatomoids
often over 20 mm in length. They are ovate to elongate-ovate, mostly in colors of yellows, greens, or
browns (Figures 2.16K, L; 2.25J). In general, they are similar in appearance to many pentatomids. The
head is subtriangular in shape, relatively small in comparison to body size; the juga often extend beyond
the tylus and meet in front of it, and their lateral margins usually are edged. The antennae are usually
four-segmented; if they are five-segmented, then the third segment is relatively small (Figure 2.2D);
the antenniferous tubercles are usually not visible from dorsal view. The bucculae are relatively short,