293

5

Megacopta cribraria ( F.)

Joe E. Eger, Wayne A. Gardner, Jeremy K. Greene,
Tracie M. Jenkins, Phillip M. Roberts, and Dan R. Suiter

Megacopta cribraria ( F.)^1

1798 Cimex cribrarius Fabricius, Suppl. Ent. Syst.: 531 (India).
1803 Tetyra cribraria: Fabricius, Syst. Rhyn.: 71.
1835 Thyreocoris cribarius (sic): Burmeister, Handb. Ent. 2(1): 384.
1837 Platycephala cribraria: Westwood, Cat. Hem. Coll. Hope 1: 5.
1839 Thyreocoris (Coptosoma) cribrarius: Germar, Zeitschr. Ent. 1(1): 26.
1843 Coptosoma cribrarium: Amyot and Serville, Hist. Nat. Ins., Hém.: 66, pl. 2, fig. 4.
1867 Coptosoma xanthochlora Walker, Cat. Het. 1: 87 [Synonymized by Distant 1899, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7)4: 215, 226].
1896 Coptosoma punctatissimum Montandon, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 40: 105–106 [Tentatively synonymized by
Montandon 1897, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 65: 457–458, Synonymized by Yang, 1934, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol.
5(3): 156, 161–164].
1977 Megacopta cribraria: Hsiao and Ren, Handb. Chinese Hem. Het. 1: 21–22, 293, pl. 1, fig. 13.

(^1) Synonymy adapted from David A. Rider (personal communication).
CONTENTS
5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 294
5.2 Taxonomy ..................................................................................................................................... 295
5.3 Distribution and Spread ............................................................................................................... 297
5.3.1 Old World Distribution .................................................................................................... 297
5.3.2 Distribution and Spread in the New World ..................................................................... 297
5.4 General Biology ........................................................................................................................... 299
5.4.1 Life Cycle ........................................................................................................................ 299
5.4.2 Host Plants ....................................................................................................................... 300
5.4.3 Natural Enemies .............................................................................................................. 307
5.4.3.1 Parasitoids ........................................................................................................ 307
5.4.3.1.1 Parasitoids in the Old World .......................................................... 307
5.4.3.1.2 Parasitoids in the New World ........................................................ 308
5.4.3.2 Parasitic Nematodes ......................................................................................... 308
5.4.3.3 Predators .......................................................................................................... 308
5.4.3.4 Pathogens ......................................................................................................... 309
5.4.4 Endosymbionts ................................................................................................................ 309
5.5 Population Genetics ......................................................................................................................310
5.5.1 Mitochondrial DNA: Initial Studies ................................................................................. 310
5.5.2 Nuclear Markers ............................................................................................................... 311
5.5.3 Endosymbionts ................................................................................................................. 311
5.5.4 Origin of Megacopta cribraria ........................................................................................ 311