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7

Nezara viridula ( L .)

Jesus F. Esquivel, Dmitry L. Musolin, Walker A. Jones, Wolfgang Rabitsch, Jeremy K. Greene,
Michael D. Toews, Cristiano F. Schwertner, Jocélia Grazia, and Robert M. McPherson

Nezara viridula (L.)^1

1758 Cimex viridulus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat.: 444 (“Indiis” = India).
1775 Cimex torquatus Fabricius, Syst. Ent.: 710 (India). (Synonymized [with smaragdulus] by Illiger, 1807, Fauna
Etrusca 2: 30).
1775 Cimex smaragdulus Fabricius, Syst. Ent.: 711 (Madeira). (Synonymized by Stål, 1865, Hemipt. Afr.: 193).
1783 Cimex transversus Thunberg, Dissert. Ent.: 40 (South Africa). (Synonymized by Stål, 1855, Öfver. Kongl.
Vet.-Akad. För. 12: 345).
1789 Cimex variabilis Villers, Car. Linn. Ent.: 505 (“Occitania” = southern France). (Synonymized by Reuter, 1888,
Rev. Synonym. Het.: 126).
1798 Cimex spirans Fabricius, Suppl. Ent. Syst.: 533 (“America Insulis” [= St. Kitts, Antigua, Jamaica, Barbados,
Bermudas]). (Synonymized by Stål, 1868, Hem. Fabr.: 31).
1801 Cimex viridissimus Wolff, Icones Cimicum: 55 (India orientali). (Junior primary homonym of Cimex viridissimus
Poda [= Palomena viridissima (Poda, 1761)]). (Synonymized [with smaragdula] by Fieber, 1861, Eur. Hem.:
330).
1818 Pentatoma? flavicollis Palisot de Beauvois, Ins. Rec. Afr. Am.: 185 (Haiti). (Synonymized [with smaragdula] by
Amyot and Serville, 1843, Hist. Nat. Ins.: 144).
1837 Pentatoma oblonga Westwood, Cat. Hem.: 37 (Java). (Synonymized by Distant, 1901, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.
1900: 813).
1837 Pentatoma unicolor Westwood, Cat. Hem.: 38 (Java). (Synonymized by Stål, 1865, Hemipt. Afr.: 193).
1837 Pentatoma berylina Westwood, Cat. Hem.: 38 (India orientali). (Synonymized by Distant, 1901, Proc. Zool. Soc.
Lond. 1900: 813).
1837 Pentatoma subsericea Westwood, Cat. Hem.: 38 (India orientali). (Synonymized by Stål, 1865, Hemipt. Afr.:
193).
1837 Pentatoma leii Westwood, Cat. Hem.: 38 (South Africa). (Synonymized by Stål, 1865, Hemipt. Afr.: 193).
1837 Pentatoma 3-punctigera Westwood, Cat. Hem.: 38 (“Insula Sti. Vincentii” = Saint Vincent, Lesser Antilles).
(Synonymized by Stål, 1865, Hemipt. Afr.: 194).
1837 Pentatoma chinensis Westwood, Cat. Hem.: 38 (China). (Synonymized by Stål, 1865, Hemipt. Afr.: 194).
1837 Pentatoma proxima Westwood, Cat. Hem.: 9 (Canary Isl.). (Synonymized [with tripunctigera] by Westwood,
Cat. Hem.: 38. [nomen nudum]).
1837 Pentatoma chloris Westwood, Cat. Hem.: 38 (Sierra Leone). (Synonymized by Stål, 1865, Hemipt. Afr.: 194).
1837 Pentatoma chlorocephala Westwood, Cat. Hem.: 38 (Brasil?). (Synonymized by Lethierry and Severin, 1893,
Cat. Gen. Hem.: 167).
1837 Pentatoma propinqua Westwood, Cat. Hem.: 9 (Java). (Synonymized [with unicolor] by Westwood, 1837, Cat.
Hem.: 39. [nomen nudum]).
1838 Cimex hemichloris Germar, Silb. Rev. Entomol. 5: 166 (South Africa). (Synonymized by Stål, 1865, Hemipt.
Afr.: 194).
1843 Pentatoma smaragdula var. minor Costa, Cimicum Neapol.: 57 (“Neapolitania” = Naples env., Italy) (nomen
oblitum).

(^1) Additional references are provided in regional catalogues (e.g., Froeschner 1988, Cassis and Gross 2002, Rider 2006a).