ciprocal associations between an animal’s internal and ex-
ternal environments can be seen, as well as how social cues,
stress and gonadal hormones, and abiotic factors feed back
onto one another (fig. 17.1). This chapter highlights the
need for more behavioral studies integrating levels of anal-
ysis as well as levels of biological organization. Recent in-
terdisciplinary research offers encouraging signs that the
study of behavioral development is poised to truly link the
mechanisms and functions of emerging adaptive behaviors.206 Chapter Seventeen