Invasive Stink Bugs and Related Species (Pentatomoidea)

646 Invasive Stink Bugs and Related Species (Pentatomoidea)

of symbiotic associations in the Pentatomomorpha. Symbiotic association within the Pentatomomorpha
is remarkably diverse in terms of the morphology of symbiotic organs, symbiont transmission mecha-
nisms, symbiont phylogeny, and biological functions of symbiotic bacteria (Table  14.1). In the follow-
ing sections, we review the diverse symbiotic systems reported up to the present in pentatomomorphan
insects.

AB

CD

E F

GH

I J

2 mm

1 mm 0.5 mm

0.5 mm

1 mm

0.5 mm 0.5 mm

0.5 mm

0.5 mm

Row 2

Row 1

Row 2

Row 1

Row 2

Row 3

Row 1

Row 4

2 mm

M1

M2

M3

M4

HG

M4 HG

M2

M1 M3

M1

M3

M4

HG

HG HG

HG

M3

BO

M2

M1

M3

M4

M2

M1

M2

FIGURE 14.1 (See color insert.) Symbiotic organ in the Pentatomomorpha. Dissected midgut and symbiotic organ of
(A-B) Menida scotti (family Pentatomidae), (C-D) Elasmucha putoni (Acanthosomatidae), (E-F) Riptortus pedestris
(Alydidae), (G-H) Togo hemipterus (Rhyparochromidae), and (I-J) Kleidocerys resedae (Lygaeidae). (B) Midgut crypts
arranged in 4 rows. (D) Midgut crypts arranged in 2 rows, whose luminal entrances are completely sealed. (F) Midgut crypts
arranged in 2 rows. (H) Tubular outgrowths. (J) Bacteriome. Abbreviations: M1, midgut first section; M2, midgut second
section; M3, midgut third section; M4, midgut fourth section with crypts (symbiotic organ); HG, hindgut; BO, Bacteriome.