Invasive Stink Bugs and Related Species (Pentatomoidea)

658 Invasive Stink Bugs and Related Species (Pentatomoidea)

free-living bacterium, Escherichia coli, with a genome size and AT contents of 4.6 megabase (Mb) and
49%, respectively, the corresponding values were 0.6 Mb and 74% in Buchnera (Shigenobu et al. 2000),
and 0.7 Mb and 77% in Wigglesworthia (Akman et al. 2002). Similar genetic traits are also shared by
the stink bug gut symbionts, wherein genome size and AT contents are 0.75 Mb and 70% in Ishikawaella
capsulata (Nikoh et al. 2011), 0.71 Mb and 65% in Tachikawaea gelatinosa (Kaiwa et al. 2014), and
1.2 Mb and 69% in Pantoea carbekii (Kenyon et al. 2015). Such a drastic genome reduction also has
been reported in Candidatus Rosenkranzia clausaccus in Elasmostethus humeralis Jak., E. nubilus
Dallas, and Sastragala esakii Hasegawa (Acanthosomatidae) (Kikuchi et al. 2009) and in Candidatus

TABLE 14.2

Fitness Defects Incurred by Stink Bugs because of Experimental Symbiont Elimination

Species Defect by Symbiont Elimination Reference

Superfamily PENTATOMOIDEA
Family ACANTHOSOMATIDAE
Elasmostethus humeralis Severe nymphal mortality, retarded growth, and
abnormal (whitish) body coloration

Kikuchi et al. 2009

Family CYDNIDAE
Adomerus rotundus Retarded growth and small body size Hosokawa et al. 2013
Adomerus triguttulus Nymphal mortality, retarded growth, small body size,
and abnormal (whitish) body coloration

Hosokawa et al. 2013

Family PARASTRACHIIDAE
Parastrachia japonensis Small body size and abnormal (whitish) body coloration Hosokawa et al. 2012a

Family PENTATOMIDAE
Chinavia hilaris Nymphal mortality, retarded growth, small body size,
and low fecundity

Prado and Almeida 2009b

Eurydema gebleri rugosa Retarded growth, small body size, and abnormal
(whitish) body coloration

Kikuchi et al. 2012

Halyomorpha halys Nymphal mortality, retarded growth, small body size,
and low fecundity

Taylor et al. 2014

Nezara viridula Severe nymphal mortality (reported in a Japanese
population, but not in a Hawaiian population)

Tada et al. 2011

Plautia stali Severe nymphal mortality, small body size, and Low
fecundity

Hosokawa et al. 2016

Sibaria englemani Retarded growth Bistolas et al. 2014

Family PLATASPIDAE
Brachyplatys subaeneus Severe nymphal mortality Hosokawa et al. 2006
Coptosoma parvipictum Severe nymphal mortality Hosokawa et al. 2006
Megacopta cribraria
[= M. punctatissima]

Nymphal mortality, retarded growth, small body size,

and abnormal (whitish) body coloration

Hosokawa et al. 2006

Family UROSTYLIDIDAE
Urostylis westwoodii Severe nymphal mortality Kaiwa et al. 2014

Superfamily COREOIDEA
Family ALYDIDAE
Riptortus pedestris Retarded growth, small body size, and low fecundity Kikuchi and Fukatsu 2014
Superfamily LYGAEOIDEA
Family BLISSIDAE
Blissus insularis Nymphal mortality and retarded growth Boucias et al. 2012
Superfamily PYRRHOCOROIDEA
Family PYRRHOCORIDAE
Dysdercus fasciatus Nymphal mortality, retarded growth, and low fecundity Salem et al. 2013
Pyrrhocoris apterus Nymphal mortality, retarded growth, and low fecundity Salem et al. 2013